<section xmlns="http://xml.house.gov/schemas/uslm/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" style="-uslm-lc:I80" id="id070b311d-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847"><num value="847">§ 847.</num><heading> Art. 47. Refusal of person not subject to chapter to appear, testify, or produce evidence</heading><subsection style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id070b582e-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a"><num value="a">(a)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">In General</inline>.—</heading><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id070b582f-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/1"><num value="1">(1)</num><chapeau> Any person described in paragraph (2) who—</chapeau><subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id070b5830-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/1/A"><num value="A">(A)</num><content> willfully neglects or refuses to appear; or</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id070b5831-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/1/B"><num value="B">(B)</num><content> willfully refuses to qualify as a witness or to testify or to produce any evidence which that person is required to produce;</content>
</subparagraph>

<continuation style="-uslm-lc:I10" class="indent0 firstIndent0">is guilty of an offense against the United States.</continuation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id070b5832-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/2"><num value="2">(2)</num><chapeau> The persons referred to in paragraph (1) are the following:</chapeau><subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id070b5833-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/2/A"><num value="A">(A)</num><chapeau> Any person not subject to this chapter who—</chapeau><clause style="-uslm-lc:I13" class="indent2" id="id070b5834-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/2/A/i"><num value="i">(i)</num><content> is issued a subpoena or other process described in subsection (c) of <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s846">section 846 of this title</ref> (article 46); and</content>
</clause>
<clause style="-uslm-lc:I13" class="indent2" id="id070b5835-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/2/A/ii"><num value="ii">(ii)</num><content> is provided a means for reimbursement from the Government for fees and mileage at the rates allowed to witnesses attending the courts of the United States or, in the case of extraordinary hardship, is advanced such fees and mileage.</content>
</clause>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id070b5836-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/a/2/B"><num value="B">(B)</num><content> Any person not subject to this chapter who is issued a subpoena or other process described in subsection (d) of <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s846">section 846 of this title</ref> (article 46).</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id070b5837-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/b"><num value="b">(b)</num><content> Any person who commits an offense named in subsection (a) shall be tried on indictment or information in a United States district court or in a court of original criminal jurisdiction in any of the Commonwealths or possessions of the United States, and jurisdiction is conferred upon those courts for that purpose. Upon conviction, such a person shall be fined or imprisoned, or both, at the court’s discretion.</content>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id070b5838-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/c"><num value="c">(c)</num><content> The United States attorney or the officer prosecuting for the United States in any such court of original criminal jurisdiction shall, upon the certification of the facts to him by the military court, commission, court of inquiry, board, or convening authority, file an information against and prosecute any person violating this article.</content>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id070b5839-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050" identifier="/us/usc/t10/s847/d"><num value="d">(d)</num><content> The fees and mileage of witnesses shall be advanced or paid out of the appropriations for the compensation of witnesses.</content>
</subsection>
<sourceCredit id="id070b583a-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050">(<ref href="/us/act/1956-08-10/ch1041">Aug. 10, 1956, ch. 1041</ref>. <ref href="/us/stat/70A/53">70A Stat. 53</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/104/106/dA/tXI/s1111">Pub. L. 104–106, div. A, title XI, § 1111</ref>, <date date="1996-02-10">Feb. 10, 1996</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/110/461">110 Stat. 461</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/109/163/dA/tX/s1057/a/5">Pub. L. 109–163, div. A, title X, § 1057(a)(5)</ref>, <date date="2006-01-06">Jan. 6, 2006</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/119/3440">119 Stat. 3440</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/112/81/dA/tV/s542/a">Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title V, § 542(a)</ref>, (b), <date date="2011-12-31">Dec. 31, 2011</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/125/1411">125 Stat. 1411</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/113/66/dA/tXVII/s1702/c/3/D">Pub. L. 113–66, div. A, title XVII, § 1702(c)(3)(D)</ref>, <date date="2013-12-26">Dec. 26, 2013</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/127/958">127 Stat. 958</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/114/328/dE/tLVII/s5229">Pub. L. 114–328, div. E, title LVII, § 5229</ref>, <date date="2016-12-23">Dec. 23, 2016</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/130/2913">130 Stat. 2913</ref>.)</sourceCredit>
<notes type="uscNote" id="id070b583b-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050">
<note topic="historicalAndRevision" id="id070b583c-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050">
<table xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="HNR" width="50%" style="border-collapse:collapse;  border-bottom:1px solid black; -uslm-lc: c3,L2,tp7,s10,xls80,xs80,tp7,s10,xls80,xs80; " id="id070b583d-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050">
<colgroup>
<col style="min-width: 38pt;"/>
<col style="width:84pt ; max-width:84pt;"/>
<col style="width:84pt ; max-width:84pt;"/>
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="title" style="font-size:7pt; border-bottom:1px solid black; -uslm-lc:I95;">
<th colspan="3">
<p style=""><span style="font-variant:small-caps">Historical and Revision Notes</span></p></th>
</tr>
<tr class="header" style="font-size:6pt; border-bottom:1px solid black;  border-top:1px solid black; -uslm-lc:h1;">
<th style="min-width: 38.0pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; border-right:1px solid black;"><p style=" text-align:center;"><i>Revised section</i></p></th><th style="width:84.0pt ; max-width:84.0pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black;"><p style=" text-align:center;"><i>Source (U.S. Code)</i></p></th><th style="width:84.0pt ; max-width:84.0pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; border-left:1px solid black;"><p style=" text-align:center;"><i>Source (Statutes at Large)</i></p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody style="line-height:7pt; font-size:6pt;">
<tr style="border-top:1px solid black; -uslm-lc:I01;"><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em; margin-bottom:0em;" class="leaders"><span>847(a)</span></p><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em; margin-top:0em;" class="leaders"><span>847(b)</span></p></td><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt; padding-left: 2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em; margin-bottom:0em;">50:622(a).</p><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em; margin-top:0em;">50:622(b).</p></td><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-left:1px solid black; padding-left: 2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;"><a href="/us/act/1950-05-05/ch169/s1">May 5, 1950, ch. 169, § 1</a> (Art. 47), <a href="/us/stat/64/123">64 Stat. 123</a>.</p></td></tr>
<tr style="-uslm-lc:I01;"><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;" class="leaders"><span>847(c)</span></p></td><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt; padding-left: 2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;">50:622(c).</p></td><td style=" text-align:right; vertical-align:top; border-left:1px solid black; padding-left: 2pt;"/></tr>
<tr style="-uslm-lc:I01;"><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;" class="leaders"><span>847(d)</span></p></td><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt; padding-left: 2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;">50:622(d).</p></td><td style=" text-align:right; vertical-align:top; border-left:1px solid black; padding-left: 2pt;"/></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">In subsection (a), the word “Any” is substituted for the word “Every”. The word “is” is substituted for the words “shall be deemed”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">In subsection (b), the words “named in subsection (a)” are substituted for the words “denounced by this article”. The words “Territories, Commonwealths, or” are substituted for the word “Territorial”. The words “not more than” are substituted for the words “a period not exceeding”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">In subsection (c), the words “It shall be the duty of * * * to” are omitted as surplusage. The words “United States Attorney” are substituted for the words “United States district attorney”, to conform to the terminology of <ref href="/us/usc/t28/s501">section 501 of title 28</ref>. The word “shall” is inserted after the word “jurisdiction”.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="amendments" id="id070b583e-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Amendments</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">2016—<ref href="/us/pl/114/328/s5229/b">Pub. L. 114–328, § 5229(b)</ref>, amended section catchline generally, substituting “Refusal of person not subject to chapter to appear, testify, or produce evidence” for “Refusal to appear or testify”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (a). <ref href="/us/pl/114/328/s5229/a">Pub. L. 114–328, § 5229(a)</ref>, amended subsec. (a) generally. Prior to amendment, subsec. (a) read as follows: “Any person not subject to this chapter who—</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1">“(1) has been duly subpoenaed to appear as a witness before a court-martial, military commission, court of inquiry, or any other military court or board, or before any military or civil officer designated to take a deposition to be read in evidence before such a court, commission, or board, or has been duly issued a subpoena duces tecum for a preliminary hearing pursuant to <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s832">section 832 of this title</ref> (article 32);</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1">“(2) has been provided a means for reimbursement from the Government for fees and mileage at the rates allowed to witnesses attending the courts of the United States or, in the case of extraordinary hardship, is advanced such fees and mileage; and</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1">“(3) willfully neglects or refuses to appear, or refuses to qualify as a witness or to testify or to produce any evidence which that person may have been legally subpoenaed to produce;</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I33" class="indent0 firstIndent0">is guilty of an offense against the United States.”</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">2013—Subsec. (a)(1). <ref href="/us/pl/113/66">Pub. L. 113–66</ref> substituted “a preliminary hearing pursuant to <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s832">section 832 of this title</ref> (article 32)” for “an investigation pursuant to <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s832/b">section 832(b) of this title</ref> (article 32(b))”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">2011—Subsec. (a). <ref href="/us/pl/112/81/s542/b">Pub. L. 112–81, § 542(b)</ref>, substituted “subpoenaed” for “subpenaed” in two places.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (a)(1). <ref href="/us/pl/112/81/s542/a/1/A">Pub. L. 112–81, § 542(a)(1)(A)</ref>, substituted “board, or has been duly issued a subpoena duces tecum for an investigation pursuant to <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s832/b">section 832(b) of this title</ref> (article 32(b));” for “board;”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (a)(2). <ref href="/us/pl/112/81/s542/a/1/B">Pub. L. 112–81, § 542(a)(1)(B)</ref>, substituted “provided a means for reimbursement from the Government for fees and mileage” for “duly paid or tendered the fees and mileage of a witness” and inserted “or, in the case of extraordinary hardship, is advanced such fees and mileage” before semicolon.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (c). <ref href="/us/pl/112/81/s542/a/2">Pub. L. 112–81, § 542(a)(2)</ref>, substituted “board, or convening authority” for “or board”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">2006—Subsec. (b). <ref href="/us/pl/109/163">Pub. L. 109–163</ref> substituted “Commonwealths or possessions” for “Territories, Commonwealths, or possessions”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1996—Subsec. (b). <ref href="/us/pl/104/106">Pub. L. 104–106</ref> inserted “indictment or” after “shall be tried on” and substituted “shall be fined or imprisoned, or both, at the court’s discretion” for “shall be punished by a fine of not more than $500, or imprisonment for not more than six months, or both”.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="id070b7e4f-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 2016 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/114/328">Pub. L. 114–328</ref> effective on <date date="2019-01-01">Jan. 1, 2019</date>, as designated by the President, with implementing regulations and provisions relating to applicability to various situations, see <ref href="/us/pl/114/328/s5542">section 5542 of Pub. L. 114–328</ref> and Ex. Ord. No. 13825, set out as notes under <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s801">section 801 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="id070b7e50-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 2013 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/113/66">Pub. L. 113–66</ref> effective on the later of <date date="2014-12-26">Dec. 26, 2014</date>, or the date of the enactment of the Carl Levin and Howard P. “Buck” McKeon National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 (<date date="2014-12-19">Dec. 19, 2014</date>) and applicable with respect to preliminary hearings conducted on or after that effective date, see <ref href="/us/pl/113/66/s1702/d/1">section 1702(d)(1) of Pub. L. 113–66</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t10/s802">section 802 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="id070b7e51-b39a-11e9-9f2b-a0b71e48e050"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 2011 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/112/81/dA/tV/s542/c">Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title V, § 542(c)</ref>, <date date="2011-12-31">Dec. 31, 2011</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/125/1411">125 Stat. 1411</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/112/81/dA/tV/s542/c">“The amendments made by subsection (a) [amending this section] shall apply with respect to subpoenas issued after the date of the enactment of this Act [<date date="2011-12-31">Dec. 31, 2011</date>].”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
</notes>
</section>