<section xmlns="http://xml.house.gov/schemas/uslm/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" style="-uslm-lc:I80" id="id746182e2-3b28-11eb-ad8c-9fba61cd9daf" identifier="/us/usc/t18/s431"><num value="431">§ 431.</num><heading> Contracts by Member of Congress</heading><content>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0">Whoever, being a Member of or Delegate to Congress, or a Resident Commissioner, either before or after he has qualified, directly or indirectly, himself, or by any other person in trust for him, or for his use or benefit, or on his account, undertakes, executes, holds, or enjoys, in whole or in part, any contract or agreement, made or entered into in behalf of the United States or any agency thereof, by any officer or person authorized to make contracts on its behalf, shall be fined under this title.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0">All contracts or agreements made in violation of this section shall be void; and whenever any sum of money is advanced by the United States or any agency thereof, in consideration of any such contract or agreement, it shall forthwith be repaid; and in case of failure or refusal to repay the same when demanded by the proper officer of the department or agency under whose authority such contract or agreement shall have been made or entered into, suit shall at once be brought against the person so failing or refusing and his sureties for the recovery of the money so advanced.</p>
</content><sourceCredit id="id746182e3-3b28-11eb-ad8c-9fba61cd9daf">(<ref href="/us/act/1948-06-25/ch645">June 25, 1948, ch. 645</ref>, <ref href="/us/stat/62/702">62 Stat. 702</ref>; <ref href="/us/act/1951-10-31/ch655/s19">Oct. 31, 1951, ch. 655, § 19</ref>, <ref href="/us/stat/65/717">65 Stat. 717</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/103/322/tXXXIII/s330016/1/J">Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(J)</ref>, <date date="1994-09-13">Sept. 13, 1994</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/108/2147">108 Stat. 2147</ref>.)</sourceCredit>
<notes type="uscNote" id="id746182e4-3b28-11eb-ad8c-9fba61cd9daf">
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="historicalAndRevision" id="id746182e5-3b28-11eb-ad8c-9fba61cd9daf"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Historical and Revision Notes</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 204 (<ref href="/us/act/1909-03-04/ch321/s114">Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 114</ref>, <ref href="/us/stat/35/1109">35 Stat. 1109</ref>).</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Word “agency” was inserted in three places to eliminate any ambiguity as to scope of section. (See definition of department or agency under <ref href="/us/usc/t18/s6">section 6 of this title</ref>.)</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Minor changes were made in phraseology.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" role="crossHeading" topic="editorialNotes" id="id746182e6-3b28-11eb-ad8c-9fba61cd9daf"><heading class="centered"><b>Editorial Notes</b></heading></note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="amendments" id="id746182e7-3b28-11eb-ad8c-9fba61cd9daf"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Amendments</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1994—<ref href="/us/pl/103/322">Pub. L. 103–322</ref> substituted “fined under this title” for “fined not more than $3,000” in first par.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1951—Act <date date="1951-10-31">Oct. 31, 1951</date>, struck out “; exceptions”, after “Congress” in section catchline.</p>
</note>
</notes>
</section>