{"identifier":"/us/usc/t20/s1403","title_num":"20","num":"§ 1403.","heading":"Abrogation of State sovereign immunity","status":null,"guid":"idd0fadce9-4aa6-11eb-afbc-da62fdf49fd5","source_credit":"(Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 604, as added Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101, Dec. 3, 2004, 118 Stat. 2659.)","seq_in_title":896,"parent_identifier":"/us/usc/t20/ch33/schI","ancestors":[{"identifier":"/us/usc/t20","level":"title","num":"Title 20—","heading":"EDUCATION","status":null,"is_section":false},{"identifier":"/us/usc/t20/ch33","level":"chapter","num":"CHAPTER 33—","heading":"EDUCATION OF INDIVIDUALS WITH DISABILITIES","status":null,"is_section":false},{"identifier":"/us/usc/t20/ch33/schI","level":"subchapter","num":"SUBCHAPTER I—","heading":"GENERAL PROVISIONS","status":null,"is_section":false}],"xml":"<section xmlns=\"http://xml.house.gov/schemas/uslm/1.0\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:dc=\"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/\" xmlns:dcterms=\"http://purl.org/dc/terms/\" style=\"-uslm-lc:I80\" id=\"id6c641e34-d2f2-11e9-aa7d-f436298d01bb\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t20/s1403\"><num value=\"1403\">§ 1403.</num><heading> Abrogation of State sovereign immunity</heading><subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"id6c641e35-d2f2-11e9-aa7d-f436298d01bb\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t20/s1403/a\"><num value=\"a\" class=\"bold\">(a)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> In general</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I11\" class=\"indent0\">A State shall not be immune under the 11th amendment to the Constitution of the United States from suit in Federal court for a violation of this chapter.</p>\n</content>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"id6c641e36-d2f2-11e9-aa7d-f436298d01bb\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t20/s1403/b\"><num value=\"b\" class=\"bold\">(b)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Remedies</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I11\" class=\"indent0\">In a suit against a State for a violation of this chapter, remedies (including remedies both at law and in equity) are available for such a violation to the same extent as those remedies are available for such a violation in the suit against any public entity other than a State.</p>\n</content>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"id6c641e37-d2f2-11e9-aa7d-f436298d01bb\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t20/s1403/c\"><num value=\"c\" class=\"bold\">(c)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Effective date</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I11\" class=\"indent0\">Subsections (a) and (b) apply with respect to violations that occur in whole or part after <date date=\"1990-10-30\">October 30, 1990</date>.</p>\n</content>\n</subsection>\n<sourceCredit id=\"id6c641e38-d2f2-11e9-aa7d-f436298d01bb\">(<ref href=\"/us/pl/91/230/tVI/s604\">Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 604</ref>, as added <ref href=\"/us/pl/108/446/tI/s101\">Pub. L. 108–446, title I, § 101</ref>, <date date=\"2004-12-03\">Dec. 3, 2004</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/118/2659\">118 Stat. 2659</ref>.)</sourceCredit>\n<notes type=\"uscNote\" id=\"id6c641e39-d2f2-11e9-aa7d-f436298d01bb\">\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"priorProvisions\" id=\"id6c641e3a-d2f2-11e9-aa7d-f436298d01bb\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Prior Provisions</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">A prior section 1403, <ref href=\"/us/pl/91/230/tVI/s604\">Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 604</ref>, as added <ref href=\"/us/pl/105/17/tI/s101\">Pub. L. 105–17, title I, § 101</ref>, <date date=\"1997-06-04\">June 4, 1997</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/111/47\">111 Stat. 47</ref>, related to abrogation of State sovereign immunity, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by <ref href=\"/us/pl/108/446\">Pub. L. 108–446</ref>.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Another prior section 1403, <ref href=\"/us/pl/91/230/tVI/s604\">Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 604</ref>, as added <ref href=\"/us/pl/101/476/tI/s103\">Pub. L. 101–476, title I, § 103</ref>, <date date=\"1990-10-30\">Oct. 30, 1990</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/104/1106\">104 Stat. 1106</ref>, related to abrogation of State sovereign immunity, prior to the general amendment of subchapters I to IV of this chapter by <ref href=\"/us/pl/105/17\">Pub. L. 105–17</ref>.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Another prior section 1403, <ref href=\"/us/pl/91/230/tVI/s604\">Pub. L. 91–230, title VI, § 604</ref>, <date date=\"1970-04-13\">Apr. 13, 1970</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/84/177\">84 Stat. 177</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/93/380/tVI/s613\">Pub. L. 93–380, title VI, § 613</ref>, <date date=\"1974-08-21\">Aug. 21, 1974</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/88/580\">88 Stat. 580</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/94/273\">Pub. L. 94–273</ref>, §§ 3(14), 13(2), <date date=\"1976-04-21\">Apr. 21, 1976</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/90/376\">90 Stat. 376</ref>, 378; <ref href=\"/us/pl/98/199/s4\">Pub. L. 98–199, § 4</ref>, <date date=\"1983-12-02\">Dec. 2, 1983</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/97/1358\">97 Stat. 1358</ref>, established the National Advisory Committee on the Education of Handicapped Children and Youth, prior to repeal by <ref href=\"/us/pl/99/457/tIV/s407\">Pub. L. 99–457, title IV, § 407</ref>, <date date=\"1986-10-08\">Oct. 8, 1986</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/100/1177\">100 Stat. 1177</ref>.</p>\n</note>\n</notes>\n</section>","provision":null,"duplicates":[],"release":{"label":"116-252","currency_date":"2020-12-22","congress":116,"law_num":252,"excluded_laws":[],"update_num":null,"seq":222,"is_partial":false,"caveat":null,"titles_affected":["18","20","31","34","40","42"],"ingested_titles":[]},"served_from":{"label":"116-252","currency_date":"2020-12-22","congress":116,"law_num":252,"excluded_laws":[],"update_num":null,"seq":222,"is_partial":false,"caveat":null,"titles_affected":["18","20","31","34","40","42"],"ingested_titles":[]},"content_first_seen":{"label":"116-56","currency_date":"2019-08-23","congress":116,"law_num":56,"excluded_laws":[],"update_num":null,"seq":182,"is_partial":false,"caveat":null,"titles_affected":["05","11","13","15","20","28","38","42"],"ingested_titles":[]},"is_exact":true,"note":null}