<section xmlns="http://xml.house.gov/schemas/uslm/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" style="-uslm-lc:I80" id="idd47ec6b2-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52"><num value="52">§ 52.</num><heading> Special rules</heading><subsection style="-uslm-lc:I19" class="indent2 firstIndent-2" id="idd47ec6b3-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/a"><num value="a" class="bold">(a)</num><heading class="bold"> Controlled group of corporations</heading><chapeau>For purposes of this subpart, all employees of all corporations which are members of the same controlled group of corporations shall be treated as employed by a single employer. In any such case, the credit (if any) determined under section 51(a) with respect to each such member shall be its proportionate share of the wages giving rise to such credit. For purposes of this subsection, the term “controlled group of corporations” has the meaning given to such term by section 1563(a), except that—</chapeau><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6b4-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/a/1"><num value="1">(1)</num><content> “more than 50 percent” shall be substituted for “at least 80 percent” each place it appears in section 1563(a)(1), and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6b5-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/a/2"><num value="2">(2)</num><content> the determination shall be made without regard to subsections (a)(4) and (e)(3)(C) of section 1563.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I19" class="indent2 firstIndent-2" id="idd47ec6b6-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/b"><num value="b" class="bold">(b)</num><heading class="bold"> Employees of partnerships, proprietorships, etc., which are under common control</heading><chapeau>For purposes of this subpart, under regulations prescribed by the Secretary—</chapeau><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6b7-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/b/1"><num value="1">(1)</num><content> all employees of trades or business (whether or not incorporated) which are under common control shall be treated as employed by a single employer, and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6b8-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/b/2"><num value="2">(2)</num><content> the credit (if any) determined under section 51(a) with respect to each trade or business shall be its proportionate share of the wages giving rise to such credit.</content>
</paragraph>

<continuation style="-uslm-lc:I10" class="indent0 firstIndent0">The regulations prescribed under this subsection shall be based on principles similar to the principles which apply in the case of subsection (a).</continuation>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I19" class="indent2 firstIndent-2" id="idd47ec6b9-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/c"><num value="c" class="bold">(c)</num><heading class="bold"> Tax-exempt organizations</heading><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I79" class="indent3 firstIndent-2" id="idd47ec6ba-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/c/1"><num value="1" class="bold">(1)</num><heading class="bold"> In general</heading><content><p style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1">No credit shall be allowed under section 38 for any work opportunity credit determined under this subpart to any organization (other than a cooperative described in section 521) which is exempt from income tax under this chapter.</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I79" class="indent3 firstIndent-2" id="idd47ec6bb-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/c/2"><num value="2" class="bold">(2)</num><heading class="bold"> Credit made available to qualified tax-exempt organizations employing qualified veterans</heading><content><p style="-uslm-lc:I23" class="indent2 fontsize7">For credit against payroll taxes for employment of qualified veterans by qualified tax-exempt organizations, see section 3111(e).</p>
</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I19" class="indent2 firstIndent-2" id="idd47ec6bc-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/d"><num value="d" class="bold">(d)</num><heading class="bold"> Estates and trusts</heading><chapeau>In the case of an estate or trust—</chapeau><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6bd-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/d/1"><num value="1">(1)</num><content> the amount of the credit determined under this subpart for any taxable year shall be apportioned between the estate or trust and the beneficiaries on the basis of the income of the estate or trust allocable to each, and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6be-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/d/2"><num value="2">(2)</num><content> any beneficiary to whom any amount has been apportioned under paragraph (1) shall be allowed, subject to section 38(c), a credit under section 38(a) for such amount.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I19" class="indent2 firstIndent-2" id="idd47ec6bf-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/e"><num value="e" class="bold">(e)</num><heading class="bold"> Limitations with respect to certain persons</heading><chapeau>Under regulations prescribed by the Secretary, in the case of—</chapeau><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6c0-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/e/1"><num value="1">(1)</num><content> a regulated investment company or a real estate investment trust subject to taxation under subchapter M (section 851 and following), and</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idd47ec6c1-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552" identifier="/us/usc/t26/s52/e/2"><num value="2">(2)</num><content> a cooperative organization described in section 1381(a),</content>
</paragraph>

<continuation style="-uslm-lc:I10" class="indent0 firstIndent0">rules similar to the rules provided in subsections (e) and (h) of section 46 (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990) shall apply in determining the amount of the credit under this subpart.</continuation>
</subsection>
<sourceCredit id="idd47ec6c2-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552">(Added <ref href="/us/pl/95/30/tII">Pub. L. 95–30, title II</ref>, § 202(b), <date date="1977-05-23">May 23, 1977</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/91/143">91 Stat. 143</ref>; amended <ref href="/us/pl/95/600/tIII">Pub. L. 95–600, title III</ref>, § 321(c)(1), <date date="1978-11-06">Nov. 6, 1978</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/92/2835">92 Stat. 2835</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/96/222/tI">Pub. L. 96–222, title I</ref>, § 103(a)(5), <date date="1980-04-01">Apr. 1, 1980</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/94/209">94 Stat. 209</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/97/354">Pub. L. 97–354</ref>, § 5(a)(11), <date date="1982-10-19">Oct. 19, 1982</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/96/1693">96 Stat. 1693</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/98/369/dA/tIV">Pub. L. 98–369, div. A, title IV</ref>, § 474(p)(4)–(7), <date date="1984-07-18">July 18, 1984</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/98/838">98 Stat. 838</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/101/508/tXI">Pub. L. 101–508, title XI</ref>, § 11813(b)(4), <date date="1990-11-05">Nov. 5, 1990</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/104/1388-551">104 Stat. 1388–551</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/104/188/tI">Pub. L. 104–188, title I</ref>, § 1616(b)(2), <date date="1996-08-20">Aug. 20, 1996</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/110/1856">110 Stat. 1856</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/105/34/tXVI">Pub. L. 105–34, title XVI</ref>, § 1601(b), <date date="1997-08-05">Aug. 5, 1997</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/111/1087">111 Stat. 1087</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/112/56/tII">Pub. L. 112–56, title II</ref>, § 261(e)(1), <date date="2011-11-21">Nov. 21, 2011</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/125/730">125 Stat. 730</ref>.)</sourceCredit>
<notes type="uscNote" id="idd47ec6c3-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552">
<note style="-uslm-lc:I75" topic="referencesInText" id="idd47ec6c4-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552">
<heading class="centered smallCaps">References in Text</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">The date of the enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990, referred to in subsec. (e), is the date of enactment of <ref href="/us/pl/101/508">Pub. L. 101–508</ref>, which was approved <date date="1990-11-05">Nov. 5, 1990</date>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="amendments" id="idd47ec6c5-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Amendments</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">2011—Subsec. (c). <ref href="/us/pl/112/56">Pub. L. 112–56</ref> designated existing provisions as par. (1), inserted heading, and added par. (2).</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1997—Subsec. (c). <ref href="/us/pl/105/34">Pub. L. 105–34</ref> substituted “work opportunity credit” for “targeted jobs credit”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1996—Subsec. (e)(1) to (3). <ref href="/us/pl/104/188">Pub. L. 104–188</ref> redesignated pars. (2) and (3) as (1) and (2), respectively, and struck out former par. (1) which read as follows: “an organization to which section 593 (relating to reserves for losses on loans) applies,”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1990—Subsec. (e). <ref href="/us/pl/101/508">Pub. L. 101–508</ref> substituted “section 46 (as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Revenue Reconciliation Act of 1990)” for “section 46” in concluding provisions.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1984—Subsec. (a). <ref href="/us/pl/98/369">Pub. L. 98–369</ref>, § 474(p)(4), substituted “the credit (if any) determined under section 51(a) with respect to each such member” for “the credit (if any) allowable by section 44B to each such member”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (b)(2). <ref href="/us/pl/98/369">Pub. L. 98–369</ref>, § 474(p)(5), substituted “the credit (if any) determined under section 51(a)” for “the credit (if any) allowable by section 44B”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (c). <ref href="/us/pl/98/369">Pub. L. 98–369</ref>, § 474(p)(6), substituted “credit shall be allowed under section 38 for any targeted jobs credit determined under this subpart” for “credit shall be allowed under section 44B”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (d)(2). <ref href="/us/pl/98/369">Pub. L. 98–369</ref>, § 474(p)(7), substituted “, subject to section 38(c), a credit under section 38(a)” for “, subject to section 53 a credit under section 44B”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1982—Subsecs. (d) to (f). <ref href="/us/pl/97/354">Pub. L. 97–354</ref> struck out subsec. (d) relating to apportionment of credit among shareholders, and redesignated subsecs. (e) and (f) as (d) and (e), respectively.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1980—Subsec. (f). <ref href="/us/pl/96/222">Pub. L. 96–222</ref> substituted “subsections (e) and (h) of section 46” for “section 46(e)”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">1978—Subsecs. (a), (b). <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, § 321(c)(1)(B), substituted “proportionate share of the wages” for “proportionate contribution to the increase in unemployment insurance wages”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsecs. (c), (d). <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, § 321(c)(1)(A), struck out subsec. (c) which related to dispositions by an employer, and redesignated subsecs. (d) and (f) as (c) and (d), respectively.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (e). <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, § 321(c)(1)(A), (C), redesignated subsec. (g) as (e) and struck out par. (3) which provided that the $100,000 amount specified in section 51(d) applicable to such estate or trust be reduced to an amount which bears the same ratio to $100,000 as the portion of the credit allocable to the estate or trust under paragraph (1) bears to the entire amount of such credit. Former subsec. (e), which related to a change in status from self-employed to employee, was struck out.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsecs. (f) to (h). <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, § 321(c)(1)(A), redesignated subsecs. (f) to (h) as (d) to (f), respectively.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (i). <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, § 321(c)(1)(A)(i), struck out subsec. (i) which related to a $50,000 limitation in the case of married individuals filing separate returns.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Subsec. (j). <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, § 321(c)(1)(A)(i), struck out subsec. (j) which related to certain short taxable years.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6c6-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 2011 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/112/56">Pub. L. 112–56</ref> applicable to individuals who begin work for the employer after <date date="2011-11-21">Nov. 21, 2011</date>, see <ref href="/us/pl/112/56/s261/g">section 261(g) of Pub. L. 112–56</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s51">section 51 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6c7-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 1997 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/105/34">Pub. L. 105–34</ref> effective as if included in the provisions of the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, <ref href="/us/pl/104/188">Pub. L. 104–188</ref>, to which it relates, see <ref href="/us/pl/105/34/s1601/j">section 1601(j) of Pub. L. 105–34</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s23">section 23 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6c8-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 1996 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/104/188">Pub. L. 104–188</ref> applicable to taxable years beginning after <date date="1995-12-31">Dec. 31, 1995</date>, see <ref href="/us/pl/104/188/s1616/c">section 1616(c) of Pub. L. 104–188</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s593">section 593 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6c9-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 1990 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/101/508">Pub. L. 101–508</ref> applicable to property placed in service after <date date="1990-12-31">Dec. 31, 1990</date>, but not applicable to any transition property (as defined in <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s49/e">section 49(e) of this title</ref>), any property with respect to which qualified progress expenditures were previously taken into account under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s46/d">section 46(d) of this title</ref>, and any property described in <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s46/b/2/C">section 46(b)(2)(C) of this title</ref>, as such sections were in effect on <date date="1990-11-04">Nov. 4, 1990</date>, see <ref href="/us/pl/101/508/s11813/c">section 11813(c) of Pub. L. 101–508</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s45K">section 45K of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6ca-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 1984 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/98/369">Pub. L. 98–369</ref> applicable to taxable years beginning after <date date="1983-12-31">Dec. 31, 1983</date>, and to carrybacks from such years, see <ref href="/us/pl/98/369/s475/a">section 475(a) of Pub. L. 98–369</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s21">section 21 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6cb-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 1982 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/97/354">Pub. L. 97–354</ref> applicable to taxable years beginning after <date date="1982-12-31">Dec. 31, 1982</date>, see <ref href="/us/pl/97/354/s6/a">section 6(a) of Pub. L. 97–354</ref>, set out as an Effective Date note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s1361">section 1361 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6cc-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 1980 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/96/222">Pub. L. 96–222</ref> effective, except as otherwise provided, as if it had been included in the provisions of the Revenue Act of 1978, <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, to which such amendment relates, see <ref href="/us/pl/96/222/s201">section 201 of Pub. L. 96–222</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s32">section 32 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="idd47ec6cd-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 1978 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/95/600">Pub. L. 95–600</ref> applicable to amounts paid or incurred after <date date="1978-12-31">Dec. 31, 1978</date>, in taxable years ending after such date, see <ref href="/us/pl/95/600/s321/d/1">section 321(d)(1) of Pub. L. 95–600</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s51">section 51 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDate" id="idd47ec6ce-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Section applicable to taxable years beginning after <date date="1976-12-31">Dec. 31, 1976</date>, and to credit carrybacks from such years, see <ref href="/us/pl/95/30/s202/e">section 202(e) of Pub. L. 95–30</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s51">section 51 of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="savings" id="idd47ec6cf-ec38-11e5-b392-8d08e13c1552"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Savings Provision</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">For provisions that nothing in amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/101/508">Pub. L. 101–508</ref> be construed to affect treatment of certain transactions occurring, property acquired, or items of income, loss, deduction, or credit taken into account prior to <date date="1990-11-05">Nov. 5, 1990</date>, for purposes of determining liability for tax for periods ending after <date date="1990-11-05">Nov. 5, 1990</date>, see <ref href="/us/pl/101/508/s11821/b">section 11821(b) of Pub. L. 101–508</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t26/s45K">section 45K of this title</ref>.</p>
</note>
</notes>
</section>