<section xmlns="http://xml.house.gov/schemas/uslm/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" style="-uslm-lc:I80" id="idb55dd52d-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5" identifier="/us/usc/t42/s2011"><num value="2011">§ 2011.</num><heading> Congressional declaration of policy</heading>
<chapeau style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0">Atomic energy is capable of application for peaceful as well as military purposes. It is therefore declared to be the policy of the United States that—</chapeau><subsection style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idb55dd52e-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5" identifier="/us/usc/t42/s2011/a"><num value="a">(a)</num><content> the development, use, and control of atomic energy shall be directed so as to make the maximum contribution to the general welfare, subject at all times to the paramount objective of making the maximum contribution to the common defense and security; and</content>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="idb55dd52f-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5" identifier="/us/usc/t42/s2011/b"><num value="b">(b)</num><content> the development, use, and control of atomic energy shall be directed so as to promote world peace, improve the general welfare, increase the standard of living, and strengthen free competition in private enterprise.</content>
</subsection>
<sourceCredit id="idb55dd530-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5">(<ref href="/us/act/1946-08-01/ch724">Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724</ref>, title I, § 1, as added <ref href="/us/act/1954-08-30/ch1073/s1">Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, § 1</ref>, <ref href="/us/stat/68/921">68 Stat. 921</ref>; renumbered title I, <ref href="/us/pl/102/486/tIX/s902/a/8">Pub. L. 102–486, title IX, § 902(a)(8)</ref>, <date date="1992-10-24">Oct. 24, 1992</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/106/2944">106 Stat. 2944</ref>.)</sourceCredit>
<notes type="uscNote" id="idb55dd531-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5">
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" role="crossHeading" topic="editorialNotes" id="idb55dd532-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered"><b>Editorial Notes</b></heading></note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="priorProvisions" id="idb55dd533-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Prior Provisions</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">A prior section 1 of <ref href="/us/act/1946-08-01/ch724">act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724</ref>, <ref href="/us/stat/60/755">60 Stat. 755</ref>, which related to declaration of policy and purpose of former chapter 14 of this title, was classified to <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s1801">section 1801 of this title</ref>, prior to the general amendment and renumbering of act <date date="1946-08-01">Aug. 1, 1946</date>, by act <date date="1954-08-30">Aug. 30, 1954</date>.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" role="crossHeading" topic="statutoryNotes" id="idb55dd534-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered"><b>Statutory Notes and Related Subsidiaries</b></heading></note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd535-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 2024 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/118/67/dB/s1/a">Pub. L. 118–67, div. B, § 1(a)</ref>, <date date="2024-07-09">July 9, 2024</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/138/1448">138 Stat. 1448</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/118/67/dB/s1/a">“This division [enacting sections 2155b, 2201b, and 10109 of this title, amending sections 2014, 2133, 2134, 2215, 2231, 2235, 5843, and 16274a of this title, enacting provisions set out as notes under this section and sections 2073, 2077, 2133, 2155, 2201, 2201b, 2215, 2235, and 16281 of this title, and amending provisions set out as notes under sections 2133 and 2215 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Accelerating Deployment of Versatile, Advanced Nuclear for Clean Energy Act of 2024’ or the ‘ADVANCE Act of 2024’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
<p><ref href="/us/pl/118/62/s1">Pub. L. 118–62, § 1</ref>, <date date="2024-05-13">May 13, 2024</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/138/1022">138 Stat. 1022</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/118/62/s1">“This Act [amending <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2297h–10a">section 2297h–10a of this title</ref> and enacting provisions set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2297h–10a">section 2297h–10a of this title</ref>] may be cited as the ‘Prohibiting Russian Uranium Imports Act’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd536-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 2022 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/117/139/s1">Pub. L. 117–139, § 1</ref>, <date date="2022-06-07">June 7, 2022</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/136/1258">136 Stat. 1258</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/117/139/s1">“This Act [amending provisions set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2210">section 2210 of this title</ref>] may be cited as the ‘RECA Extension Act of 2022’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd537-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 2019 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/115/439/s1/a">Pub. L. 115–439, § 1(a)</ref>, <date date="2019-01-14">Jan. 14, 2019</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/132/5565">132 Stat. 5565</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/115/439/s1/a">“This Act [enacting <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2215">section 2215 of this title</ref>, amending sections 2134 and 2214 of this title, repealing <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2214">section 2214 of this title</ref>, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 2133, 2134, 2214, and 2215 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd538-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 2015 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/114/17/s1">Pub. L. 114–17, § 1</ref>, <date date="2015-05-22">May 22, 2015</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/129/201">129 Stat. 201</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/114/17/s1">“This Act [enacting <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2160e">section 2160e of this title</ref>] may be cited as the ‘Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd539-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 2013 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/112/239/dC/tXXXI/s3171">Pub. L. 112–239, div. C, title XXXI, § 3171</ref>, <date date="2013-01-02">Jan. 2, 2013</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/126/2211">126 Stat. 2211</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/112/239/dC/tXXXI/s3171">“This subtitle [subtitle F (§§ 3171–3178) of title XXXI of div. C of <ref href="/us/pl/112/239">Pub. L. 112–239</ref>, enacting sections 2065 and 2142 of this title, amending <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2160d">section 2160d of this title</ref>, and enacting provisions set out as a note under <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2065">section 2065 of this title</ref>] may be cited as the ‘American Medical Isotopes Production Act of 2012’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd53a-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 2005 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/109/58/tVI/s601">Pub. L. 109–58, title VI, § 601</ref>, <date date="2005-08-08">Aug. 8, 2005</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/119/779">119 Stat. 779</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/109/58/tVI/s601">“This subtitle [subtitle A (§§ 601–610) of title VI of <ref href="/us/pl/109/58">Pub. L. 109–58</ref>, amending sections 2210 and 2282a of this title and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 2210 and 2282a of this title] may be cited as the ‘Price-Anderson Amendments Act of 2005’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd53b-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 2000 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/106/245/s1">Pub. L. 106–245, § 1</ref>, <date date="2000-07-10">July 10, 2000</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/114/501">114 Stat. 501</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/106/245/s1">“This Act [enacting <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s285a–9">section 285a–9 of this title</ref> and enacting and amending provisions set out as notes under <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2210">section 2210 of this title</ref>] may be cited as the ‘Radiation Exposure Compensation Act Amendments of 2000’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd53c-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 1996 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/104/134/tIII/s3101">Pub. L. 104–134, title III, § 3101</ref>, <date date="1996-04-26">Apr. 26, 1996</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/110/1321-335">110 Stat. 1321–335</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/104/134/tIII/s3101">“This subchapter [subch. A (§§ 3101–3117) of ch. 1 of title III of <ref href="/us/pl/104/134">Pub. L. 104–134</ref>, enacting sections 2297h to 2297h–13 of this title, amending sections 2014, 2239, 2243, 2282, 2296b–7, 2297f, and 2297f–1 of this title and <ref href="/us/usc/t31/s9101">section 9101 of Title 31</ref>, Money and Finance, repealing sections 2297 to 2297e–7 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2297">section 2297 of this title</ref> and <ref href="/us/usc/t31/s9101">section 9101 of Title 31</ref>] may be cited as the ‘USEC Privatization Act’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd53d-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 1988 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/100/408/s1">Pub. L. 100–408, § 1</ref>, <date date="1988-08-20">Aug. 20, 1988</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/102/1066">102 Stat. 1066</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/100/408/s1">“This Act [enacting <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2282a">section 2282a of this title</ref>, amending sections 2014, 2210, and 2273 of this title, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 2014 and 2210 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Price-Anderson Amendments Act of 1988’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd53e-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 1964 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/88/489/s21">Pub. L. 88–489, § 21</ref>, <date date="1964-08-26">Aug. 26, 1964</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/78/607">78 Stat. 607</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/88/489/s21">“This Act [amending sections 2012, 2013, 2073 to 2078, 2135, 2153, 2201, 2221, 2233, and 2234 of this title, repealing <ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2072">section 2072 of this title</ref>, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 2012 and 2072 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Private Ownership of Special Nuclear Materials Act’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitleOfAmendment" id="idb55dd53f-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title of 1958 Amendment</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/85/846/s1">Pub. L. 85–846, § 1</ref>, <date date="1958-08-28">Aug. 28, 1958</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/72/1084">72 Stat. 1084</ref>, provided: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/85/846/s1">“That this Act [enacting sections 2291 to 2296 of this title] may be cited as the ‘EURATOM Cooperation Act of 1958’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="shortTitle" id="idb55dd540-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Short Title</heading><p><ref href="/us/act/1946-08-01/ch724/tI/s291">Act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, title I, § 291</ref>, as added by <ref href="/us/act/1954-08-30/ch1073/s1">act Aug. 30, 1954, ch. 1073, § 1</ref>, <ref href="/us/stat/68/960">68 Stat. 960</ref>; renumbered title I, <ref href="/us/pl/102/486/tIX/s902/a/8">Pub. L. 102–486, title IX, § 902(a)(8)</ref>, <date date="1992-10-24">Oct. 24, 1992</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/106/2944">106 Stat. 2944</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/102/486/tIX/s902/a/8">“This Act [enacting this chapter, amending sections 190j and 622 of Title 2, The Congress, and repealing sections 2251 to 2257 and 2315 of this title] may be cited as the ‘Atomic Energy Act of 1954’.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="savings" id="idb55dd541-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Savings Clause</heading><p><ref href="/us/pl/118/67/dB/tVI/s603">Pub. L. 118–67, div. B, title VI, § 603</ref>, <date date="2024-07-09">July 9, 2024</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/138/1482">138 Stat. 1482</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/118/67/dB/tVI/s603">“Nothing in this Act [probably means “this division”, see Short Title of 2024 Amendment note above] affects authorities of the Department of State.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="separability" id="idb55dd542-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Separability</heading><p><ref href="/us/act/1946-08-01/ch724/tI/s281">Act Aug. 1, 1946, ch. 724, title I, § 281</ref>, as added by act <date date="1954-08-30">Aug. 30, 1954</date>, § 1; renumbered title I, <date date="1992-10-24">Oct. 24, 1992</date>, <ref href="/us/pl/102/486/tIX/s902/a/8">Pub. L. 102–486, title IX, § 902(a)(8)</ref>, <ref href="/us/stat/106/2944">106 Stat. 2944</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/102/486/tIX/s902/a/8">“If any provision of this Act [see Short Title note above] or the application of such provision to any person or circumstances, is held invalid, the remainder of this Act or the application of such provision to persons or circumstances other than those as to which it is held invalid, shall not be affected thereby.”</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I85" topic="transferOfFunctions" id="idb55dd543-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5">
<heading class="centered smallCaps">Transfer of Functions</heading>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Atomic Energy Commission abolished and functions transferred by sections 5814 and 5841 of this title. See also Transfer of Functions notes set out under those sections.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I87" topic="definitions" id="idb55dd544-4368-11ef-91ba-f03f45d84bd5">
<heading class="centered smallCaps">Definitions</heading>
<p><ref href="/us/pl/118/67/dB/s2">Pub. L. 118–67, div. B, § 2</ref>, <date date="2024-07-09">July 9, 2024</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/138/1449">138 Stat. 1449</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin="/us/pl/118/67/dB/s2">
<inline>“In this division [see Short Title of 2024 Amendment note above]:</inline>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="1">“(1)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Accident tolerant fuel</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘accident tolerant fuel’ has the meaning given the term in section 107(a) of the Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act (<ref href="/us/pl/115/439">Public Law 115–439</ref>; <ref href="/us/stat/132/5577">132 Stat. 5577</ref>).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="2">“(2)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Administrator</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘Administrator’ means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="3">“(3)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Advanced nuclear fuel</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The term ‘advanced nuclear fuel’ means—</chapeau><subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I23" class="indent2"><num value="A">“(A)</num><content> advanced nuclear reactor fuel; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I23" class="indent2"><num value="B">“(B)</num><content> accident tolerant fuel.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="4">“(4)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Advanced nuclear reactor</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘advanced nuclear reactor’ has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2215">42 U.S.C. 2215</ref> note; <ref href="/us/pl/115/439">Public Law 115–439</ref>).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="5">“(5)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Advanced nuclear reactor fuel</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘advanced nuclear reactor fuel’ has the meaning given the term in section 3 of the Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s2215">42 U.S.C. 2215</ref> note; <ref href="/us/pl/115/439">Public Law 115–439</ref>).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="6">“(6)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Appropriate committees of Congress</inline>.—</heading><chapeau>The term ‘appropriate committees of Congress’ means—</chapeau><subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I23" class="indent2"><num value="A">“(A)</num><content> the Committee on Environment and Public Works of the Senate; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I23" class="indent2"><num value="B">“(B)</num><content> the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="7">“(7)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Commission</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘Commission’ means the Nuclear Regulatory Commission.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="8">“(8)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Institution of higher education</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘institution of higher education’ has the meaning given the term in section 101(a) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (<ref href="/us/usc/t20/s1001/a">20 U.S.C. 1001(a)</ref>).</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1"><num value="9">“(9)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">National laboratory</inline>.—</heading><content>The term ‘National Laboratory’ has the meaning given the term in section 2 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (<ref href="/us/usc/t42/s15801">42 U.S.C. 15801</ref>).”</content>
</paragraph>
</quotedContent>
</p>
</note>
</notes>
</section>