{"identifier":"/us/usc/t42/s281","title_num":"42","num":"§ 281.","heading":"Organization of National Institutes of Health","status":null,"guid":"id5f007005-4aa7-11eb-94f5-9ff2c44f6f3c","source_credit":"(July 1, 1944, ch. 373, title IV, § 401, as added Pub. L. 99–158, § 2, Nov. 20, 1985, 99 Stat. 822; amended Pub. L. 100–553, § 2(1), Oct. 28, 1988, 102 Stat. 2769; Pub. L. 100–607, title I, § 101(1), Nov. 4, 1988, 102 Stat. 3048; Pub. L. 100–690, title II, § 2613(b)(2), Nov. 18, 1988, 102 Stat. 4238; Pub. L. 102–321, title I, § 121(a), July 10, 1992, 106 Stat. 358; Pub. L. 103–43, title XV, §§ 1501(1), 1511(b)(1), 1521(1), June 10, 1993, 107 Stat. 172, 179, 180; Pub. L. 103–417, § 13(b), Oct. 25, 1994, 108 Stat. 4335; Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title II, § 212, title VI, § 601(k)], Oct. 21, 1998, 112 Stat. 2681–337, 2681–359, 2681–388; Pub. L. 106–525, title I, § 101(b)(1), Nov. 22, 2000, 114 Stat. 2501; Pub. L. 106–580, § 3(e), Dec. 29, 2000, 114 Stat. 3091; Pub. L. 109–482, title I, §§ 101(a), (b), 108(a), Jan. 15, 2007, 120 Stat. 3675, 3676, 3697; Pub. L. 110–154, § 1(b)(1), Dec. 21, 2007, 121 Stat. 1827; Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10334(c)(3)(A), Mar. 23, 2010, 124 Stat. 974; Pub. L. 112–74, div. F, title II, § 221(a)(2), (c)(2)(B), Dec. 23, 2011, 125 Stat. 1087, 1089; Pub. L. 113–235, div. G, title II, § 224(1), Dec. 16, 2014, 128 Stat. 2490.)","seq_in_title":431,"parent_identifier":"/us/usc/t42/ch6A/schIII/ptA","ancestors":[{"identifier":"/us/usc/t42","level":"title","num":"Title 42—","heading":"THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE","status":null,"is_section":false},{"identifier":"/us/usc/t42/ch6A","level":"chapter","num":"CHAPTER 6A—","heading":"PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE","status":null,"is_section":false},{"identifier":"/us/usc/t42/ch6A/schIII","level":"subchapter","num":"SUBCHAPTER III—","heading":"NATIONAL RESEARCH INSTITUTES","status":null,"is_section":false},{"identifier":"/us/usc/t42/ch6A/schIII/ptA","level":"part","num":"Part A—","heading":"National Institutes of Health","status":null,"is_section":false}],"xml":"<section xmlns=\"http://xml.house.gov/schemas/uslm/1.0\" xmlns:xsi=\"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance\" xmlns:dc=\"http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/\" xmlns:dcterms=\"http://purl.org/dc/terms/\" style=\"-uslm-lc:I80\" id=\"ida4975335-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281\"><num value=\"281\">§ 281.</num><heading> Organization of National Institutes of Health</heading><subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4975336-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/a\"><num value=\"a\" class=\"bold\">(a)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Relation to Public Health Service</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I11\" class=\"indent0\">The National Institutes of Health is an agency of the Service.</p>\n</content>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4975337-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b\"><num value=\"b\" class=\"bold\">(b)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> National research institutes and national centers</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I11\" class=\"indent0\">The following agencies of the National Institutes of Health are national research institutes or national centers:</chapeau><paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4975338-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/1\"><num value=\"1\">(1)</num><content> The National Cancer Institute.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4975339-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/2\"><num value=\"2\">(2)</num><content> The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida497533a-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/3\"><num value=\"3\">(3)</num><content> The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida497533b-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/4\"><num value=\"4\">(4)</num><content> The National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a4c-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/5\"><num value=\"5\">(5)</num><content> The National Institute on Aging.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a4d-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/6\"><num value=\"6\">(6)</num><content> The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a4e-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/7\"><num value=\"7\">(7)</num><content> The Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a4f-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/8\"><num value=\"8\">(8)</num><content> The National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a50-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/9\"><num value=\"9\">(9)</num><content> The National Eye Institute.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a51-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/10\"><num value=\"10\">(10)</num><content> The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a52-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/11\"><num value=\"11\">(11)</num><content> The National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a53-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/12\"><num value=\"12\">(12)</num><content> The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a54-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/13\"><num value=\"13\">(13)</num><content> The National Institute on Drug Abuse.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a55-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/14\"><num value=\"14\">(14)</num><content> The National Institute of Mental Health.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a56-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/15\"><num value=\"15\">(15)</num><content> The National Institute of General Medical Sciences.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a57-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/16\"><num value=\"16\">(16)</num><content> The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a58-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/17\"><num value=\"17\">(17)</num><content> The National Institute of Nursing Research.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a59-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/18\"><num value=\"18\">(18)</num><content> The National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a5a-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/19\"><num value=\"19\">(19)</num><content> The National Human Genome Research Institute.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a5b-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/20\"><num value=\"20\">(20)</num><content> The National Library of Medicine.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a5c-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/21\"><num value=\"21\">(21)</num><content> The National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a5d-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/22\"><num value=\"22\">(22)</num><content> The John E. Fogarty International Center for Advanced Study in the Health Sciences.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a5e-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/23\"><num value=\"23\">(23)</num><content> The National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a5f-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/24\"><num value=\"24\">(24)</num><content> The National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida4977a60-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/b/25\"><num value=\"25\">(25)</num><content> Any other national center that, as an agency separate from any national research institute, was established within the National Institutes of Health as of the day before <date date=\"2007-01-15\">January 15, 2007</date>.</content>\n</paragraph>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4977a61-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/c\"><num value=\"c\" class=\"bold\">(c)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives</heading><paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4977a62-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/c/1\"><num value=\"1\" class=\"bold\">(1)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> In general</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">Within the Office of the Director of the National Institutes of Health, there shall be a Division of Program Coordination, Planning, and Strategic Initiatives (referred to in this subsection as the “Division”).</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4977a63-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/c/2\"><num value=\"2\" class=\"bold\">(2)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Offices within Division</heading><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4977a64-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/c/2/A\"><num value=\"A\" class=\"bold\">(A)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Offices</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">The following offices are within the Division: The Office of AIDS Research, the Office of Research on Women’s Health, the Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences Research, the Office of Disease Prevention, the Office of Dietary Supplements, and any other office located within the Office of the Director of NIH as of the day before <date date=\"2007-01-15\">January 15, 2007</date>. In addition to such offices, the Director of NIH may establish within the Division such additional offices or other administrative units as the Director determines to be appropriate.</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497a175-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/c/2/B\"><num value=\"B\" class=\"bold\">(B)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Authorities</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">Each office in the Division—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497a176-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/c/2/B/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> shall continue to carry out the authorities that were in effect for the office before <date date=\"2007-01-15\">January 15, 2007</date>; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497a177-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/c/2/B/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> shall, as determined appropriate by the Director of NIH, support the Division with respect to the authorities described in <ref href=\"/us/usc/t42/s282/b/7\">section 282(b)(7) of this title</ref>.</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497a178-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d\"><num value=\"d\" class=\"bold\">(d)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Organization</heading><paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497a179-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/1\"><num value=\"1\" class=\"bold\">(1)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Number of institutes and centers</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">In the National Institutes of Health, the number of national research institutes and national centers may not exceed a total of 27, including any such institutes or centers established under authority of paragraph (2) or under authority of this subchapter as in effect on the day before <date date=\"2007-01-15\">January 15, 2007</date>.</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497a17a-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/2\"><num value=\"2\" class=\"bold\">(2)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Reorganization of institutes</heading><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497a17b-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/2/A\"><num value=\"A\" class=\"bold\">(A)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> In general</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">The Secretary may establish in the National Institutes of Health one or more additional national research institutes to conduct and support research, training, health information, and other programs with respect to any particular disease or groups of diseases or any other aspect of human health if—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497a17c-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/2/A/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> the Secretary determines that an additional institute is necessary to carry out such activities; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497a17d-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/2/A/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> the additional institute is not established before the expiration of 180 days after the Secretary has provided the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate written notice of the determination made under clause (i) with respect to the institute.</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497a17e-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/2/B\"><num value=\"B\" class=\"bold\">(B)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Additional authority</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">The Secretary may reorganize the functions of any national research institute and may abolish any national research institute if the Secretary determines that the institute is no longer required. A reorganization or abolition may not take effect under this paragraph before the expiration of 180 days after the Secretary has provided the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate written notice of the reorganization or abolition.</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497a17f-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/3\"><num value=\"3\" class=\"bold\">(3)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Reorganization of Office of Director</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">Notwithstanding subsection (c), the Director of NIH may, after a series of public hearings, and with the approval of the Secretary, reorganize the offices within the Office of the Director, including the addition, removal, or transfer of functions of such offices, and the establishment or termination of such offices, if the Director determines that the overall management and operation of programs and activities conducted or supported by such offices would be more efficiently carried out under such a reorganization.</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497c890-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/d/4\"><num value=\"4\" class=\"bold\">(4)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Internal reorganization of institutes and centers</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">Notwithstanding any conflicting provisions of this subchapter, the director of a national research institute or a national center may, after a series of public hearings and with the approval of the Director of NIH, reorganize the divisions, centers, or other administrative units within such institute or center, including the addition, removal, or transfer of functions of such units, and the establishment or termination of such units, if the director of such institute or center determines that the overall management and operation of programs and activities conducted or supported by such divisions, centers, or other units would be more efficiently carried out under such a reorganization.</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497c891-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e\"><num value=\"e\" class=\"bold\">(e)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Scientific Management Review Board for periodic organizational reviews</heading><paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497c892-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/1\"><num value=\"1\" class=\"bold\">(1)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> In general</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">Not later than 60 days after <date date=\"2007-01-15\">January 15, 2007</date>, the Secretary shall establish an advisory council within the National Institutes of Health to be known as the Scientific Management Review Board (referred to in this subsection as the “Board”).</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497c893-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2\"><num value=\"2\" class=\"bold\">(2)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Duties</heading><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497c894-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/A\"><num value=\"A\" class=\"bold\">(A)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Reports on organizational issues</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">The Board shall provide advice to the appropriate officials under subsection (d) regarding the use of the authorities established in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of such subsection to reorganize the National Institutes of Health (referred to in this subsection as “organizational authorities”). Not less frequently than once each 7 years, the Board shall—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497c895-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/A/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> determine whether and to what extent the organizational authorities should be used; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497c896-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/A/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> issue a report providing the recommendations of the Board regarding the use of the authorities and the reasons underlying the recommendations.</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497c897-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B\"><num value=\"B\" class=\"bold\">(B)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Certain responsibilities regarding reports</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">The activities of the Board with respect to a report under subparagraph (A) shall include the following:</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497c898-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> Reviewing the research portfolio of the National Institutes of Health (referred to in this subsection as “NIH”) in order to determine the progress and effectiveness and value of the portfolio and the allocation among the portfolio activities of the resources of NIH.</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497c899-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> Determining pending scientific opportunities, and public health needs, with respect to research within the jurisdiction of NIH.</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497c89a-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/iii\"><num value=\"iii\">(iii)</num><chapeau> For any proposal for organizational changes to which the Board gives significant consideration as a possible recommendation in such report—</chapeau><subclause style=\"-uslm-lc:I16\" class=\"indent4\" id=\"ida497efab-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/iii/I\"><num value=\"I\">(I)</num><content> analyzing the budgetary and operational consequences of the proposed changes;</content>\n</subclause>\n<subclause style=\"-uslm-lc:I16\" class=\"indent4\" id=\"ida497efac-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/iii/II\"><num value=\"II\">(II)</num><content> taking into account historical funding and support for research activities at national research institutes and centers that have been established recently relative to national research institutes and centers that have been in existence for more than two decades;</content>\n</subclause>\n<subclause style=\"-uslm-lc:I16\" class=\"indent4\" id=\"ida497efad-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/iii/III\"><num value=\"III\">(III)</num><content> estimating the level of resources needed to implement the proposed changes;</content>\n</subclause>\n<subclause style=\"-uslm-lc:I16\" class=\"indent4\" id=\"ida497efae-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/iii/IV\"><num value=\"IV\">(IV)</num><content> assuming the proposed changes will be made and making a recommendation for the allocation of the resources of NIH among the national research institutes and national centers; and</content>\n</subclause>\n<subclause style=\"-uslm-lc:I16\" class=\"indent4\" id=\"ida497efaf-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/B/iii/V\"><num value=\"V\">(V)</num><content> analyzing the consequences for the progress of research in the areas affected by the proposed changes.</content>\n</subclause>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497efb0-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/C\"><num value=\"C\" class=\"bold\">(C)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Consultation</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Board shall consult with—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efb1-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/C/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> the heads of national research institutes and national centers whose directors are not members of the Board;</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efb2-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/C/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> other scientific leaders who are officers or employees of NIH and are not members of the Board;</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efb3-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/C/iii\"><num value=\"iii\">(iii)</num><content> advisory councils of the national research institutes and national centers;</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efb4-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/C/iv\"><num value=\"iv\">(iv)</num><content> organizations representing the scientific community; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efb5-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/2/C/v\"><num value=\"v\">(v)</num><content> organizations representing patients.</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida497efb6-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3\"><num value=\"3\" class=\"bold\">(3)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Composition of Board</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">The Board shall consist of the Director of NIH, who shall be a permanent nonvoting member on an ex officio basis, and an odd number of additional members, not to exceed 21, all of whom shall be voting members. The voting members of the Board shall be the following:</chapeau><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida497efb7-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/A\"><num value=\"A\">(A)</num><chapeau> Not fewer than 9 officials who are directors of national research institutes or national centers. The Secretary shall designate such officials for membership and shall ensure that the group of officials so designated includes directors of—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efb8-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/A/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> national research institutes whose budgets are substantial relative to a majority of the other institutes;</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efb9-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/A/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> national research institutes whose budgets are small relative to a majority of the other institutes;</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efba-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/A/iii\"><num value=\"iii\">(iii)</num><content> national research institutes that have been in existence for a substantial period of time without significant organizational change under subsection (d);</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida497efbb-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/A/iv\"><num value=\"iv\">(iv)</num><content> as applicable, national research institutes that have undergone significant organization changes under such subsection, or that have been established under such subsection, other than national research institutes for which such changes have been in place for a substantial period of time; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida49816cc-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/A/v\"><num value=\"v\">(v)</num><content> national centers.</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida49816cd-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/B\"><num value=\"B\">(B)</num><chapeau> Members appointed by the Secretary from among individuals who are not officers or employees of the United States. Such members shall include—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida49816ce-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/B/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> individuals representing the interests of public or private institutions of higher education that have historically received funds from NIH to conduct research; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida49816cf-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/3/B/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> individuals representing the interests of private entities that have received funds from NIH to conduct research or that have broad expertise regarding how the National Institutes of Health functions, exclusive of private entities to which clause (i) applies.</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d0-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/4\"><num value=\"4\" class=\"bold\">(4)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Chair</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">The Chair of the Board shall be selected by the Secretary from among the members of the Board appointed under paragraph (3)(B). The term of office of the Chair shall be 2 years.</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d1-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/5\"><num value=\"5\" class=\"bold\">(5)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Meetings</heading><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d2-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/5/A\"><num value=\"A\" class=\"bold\">(A)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> In general</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">The Board shall meet at the call of the Chair or upon the request of the Director of NIH, but not fewer than 5 times with respect to issuing any particular report under paragraph (2)(A). The location of the meetings of the Board is subject to the approval of the Director of NIH.</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d3-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/5/B\"><num value=\"B\" class=\"bold\">(B)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Particular forums</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">Of the meetings held under subparagraph (A) with respect to a report under paragraph (2)(A)—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida49816d4-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/5/B/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> one or more shall be directed toward the scientific community to address scientific needs and opportunities related to proposals for organizational changes under subsection (d), or as the case may be, related to a proposal that no such changes be made; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida49816d5-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/5/B/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> one or more shall be directed toward consumer organizations to address the needs and opportunities of patients and their families with respect to proposals referred to in clause (i).</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d6-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/5/C\"><num value=\"C\" class=\"bold\">(C)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Availability of information from forums</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">For each meeting under subparagraph (B), the Director of NIH shall post on the Internet site of the National Institutes of Health a summary of the proceedings.</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d7-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/6\"><num value=\"6\" class=\"bold\">(6)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Compensation; term of office</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">The provisions of subsections (b)(4) and (c) of <ref href=\"/us/usc/t42/s284a\">section 284a of this title</ref> apply with respect to the Board to the same extent and in the same manner as such provisions apply with respect to an advisory council referred to in such subsections, except that the reference in such subsection (c) to 4 years regarding the term of an appointed member is deemed to be a reference to 5 years.</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d8-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7\"><num value=\"7\" class=\"bold\">(7)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Reports</heading><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida49816d9-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7/A\"><num value=\"A\" class=\"bold\">(A)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Recommendations for changes</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">Each report under paragraph (2)(A) shall be submitted to—</chapeau><clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida4983dea-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7/A/i\"><num value=\"i\">(i)</num><content> the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Appropriations of the House of Representatives;</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida4983deb-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7/A/ii\"><num value=\"ii\">(ii)</num><content> the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions and the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate;</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida4983dec-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7/A/iii\"><num value=\"iii\">(iii)</num><content> the Secretary; and</content>\n</clause>\n<clause style=\"-uslm-lc:I14\" class=\"indent3\" id=\"ida4983ded-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7/A/iv\"><num value=\"iv\">(iv)</num><content> officials with organizational authorities, other than any such official who served as a member of the Board with respect to the report involved.</content>\n</clause>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4983dee-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7/B\"><num value=\"B\" class=\"bold\">(B)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Availability to public</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">The Director of NIH shall post each report under paragraph (2) on the Internet site of the National Institutes of Health.</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4983def-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/e/7/C\"><num value=\"C\" class=\"bold\">(C)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Report on Board activities</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">Not later than 18 months after <date date=\"2007-01-15\">January 15, 2007</date>, the Board shall submit to the committees specified in subparagraph (A) a report describing the activities of the Board.</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4983df0-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f\"><num value=\"f\" class=\"bold\">(f)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Organizational changes per recommendation of Scientific Management Review Board</heading><paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4983df1-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/1\"><num value=\"1\" class=\"bold\">(1)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> In general</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">With respect to an official who has organizational authorities within the meaning of subsection (e)(2)(A), if a recommendation to the official for an organizational change is made in a report under such subsection, the official shall, except as provided in paragraphs (2), (3), and (4) of this subsection, make the change in accordance with the following:</chapeau><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida4983df2-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/1/A\"><num value=\"A\">(A)</num><content> Not later than 100 days after the report is submitted under subsection (e)(7)(A), the official shall initiate the applicable public process required in subsection (d) toward making the change.</content>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida4983df3-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/1/B\"><num value=\"B\">(B)</num><content> The change shall be fully implemented not later than the expiration of the 3-year period beginning on the date on which such process is initiated.</content>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4983df4-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/2\"><num value=\"2\" class=\"bold\">(2)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Inapplicability to certain reorganizations</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">Paragraph (1) does not apply to a recommendation made in a report under subsection (e)(2)(A) if the recommendation is for—</chapeau><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida4983df5-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/2/A\"><num value=\"A\">(A)</num><content> an organizational change under subsection (d)(2) that constitutes the establishment, termination, or consolidation of one or more national research institutes or national centers; or</content>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida4983df6-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/2/B\"><num value=\"B\">(B)</num><content> an organizational change under subsection (d)(3).</content>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4983df7-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/3\"><num value=\"3\" class=\"bold\">(3)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Objection by Director of NIH</heading><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4983df8-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/3/A\"><num value=\"A\" class=\"bold\">(A)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> In general</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">Paragraph (1) does not apply to a recommendation for an organizational change made in a report under subsection (e)(2)(A) if, not later than 90 days after the report is submitted under subsection (e)(7)(A), the Director of NIH submits to the committees specified in such subsection a report providing that the Director objects to the change, which report includes the reasons underlying the objection.</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I18\" class=\"indent4 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4986509-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/3/B\"><num value=\"B\" class=\"bold\">(B)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Scope of objection</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\">For purposes of subparagraph (A), an objection by the Director of NIH may be made to the entirety of a recommended organizational change or to 1 or more aspects of the change. Any aspect of a change not objected to by the Director in a report under subparagraph (A) shall be implemented in accordance with paragraph (1).</p>\n</content>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I79\" class=\"indent3 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida498650a-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/f/4\"><num value=\"4\" class=\"bold\">(4)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Congressional review</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\">An organizational change under subsection (d)(2) that is initiated pursuant to paragraph (1) shall be carried out by regulation in accordance with the procedures for substantive rules under <ref href=\"/us/usc/t5/s553\">section 553 of title 5</ref>. A rule under the preceding sentence shall be considered a major rule for purposes of chapter 8 of such title (relating to congressional review of agency rulemaking).</p>\n</content>\n</paragraph>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida498650b-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/g\"><num value=\"g\" class=\"bold\">(g)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> Definitions</heading><chapeau style=\"-uslm-lc:I11\" class=\"indent0\">For purposes of this subchapter:</chapeau><paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida498650c-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/g/1\"><num value=\"1\">(1)</num><content> The term “Director of NIH” means the Director of the National Institutes of Health.</content>\n</paragraph>\n<paragraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I12\" class=\"indent1\" id=\"ida498650d-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/g/2\"><num value=\"2\">(2)</num><chapeau> The terms “national research institute” and “national center” mean an agency of the National Institutes of Health that is—</chapeau><subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida498650e-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/g/2/A\"><num value=\"A\">(A)</num><content> listed in subsection (b) and not terminated under subsection (d)(2)(A); or</content>\n</subparagraph>\n<subparagraph style=\"-uslm-lc:I13\" class=\"indent2\" id=\"ida498650f-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/g/2/B\"><num value=\"B\">(B)</num><content> established by the Director of NIH under such subsection.</content>\n</subparagraph>\n</paragraph>\n</subsection>\n<subsection style=\"-uslm-lc:I19\" class=\"indent2 firstIndent-2\" id=\"ida4986510-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\" identifier=\"/us/usc/t42/s281/h\"><num value=\"h\" class=\"bold\">(h)</num><heading class=\"bold\"> References to NIH</heading><content><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I11\" class=\"indent0\">For purposes of this subchapter, a reference to the National Institutes of Health includes its agencies.</p>\n</content>\n</subsection>\n<sourceCredit id=\"ida4986511-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\">(<ref href=\"/us/act/1944-07-01/ch373\">July 1, 1944, ch. 373</ref>, title IV, § 401, as added <ref href=\"/us/pl/99/158/s2\">Pub. L. 99–158, § 2</ref>, <date date=\"1985-11-20\">Nov. 20, 1985</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/99/822\">99 Stat. 822</ref>; amended <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/553/s2/1\">Pub. L. 100–553, § 2(1)</ref>, <date date=\"1988-10-28\">Oct. 28, 1988</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/102/2769\">102 Stat. 2769</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/607/tI/s101/1\">Pub. L. 100–607, title I, § 101(1)</ref>, <date date=\"1988-11-04\">Nov. 4, 1988</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/102/3048\">102 Stat. 3048</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/690/tII/s2613/b/2\">Pub. L. 100–690, title II, § 2613(b)(2)</ref>, <date date=\"1988-11-18\">Nov. 18, 1988</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/102/4238\">102 Stat. 4238</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/102/321/tI/s121/a\">Pub. L. 102–321, title I, § 121(a)</ref>, <date date=\"1992-07-10\">July 10, 1992</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/106/358\">106 Stat. 358</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/103/43/tXV\">Pub. L. 103–43, title XV</ref>, §§ 1501(1), 1511(b)(1), 1521(1), <date date=\"1993-06-10\">June 10, 1993</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/107/172\">107 Stat. 172</ref>, 179, 180; <ref href=\"/us/pl/103/417/s13/b\">Pub. L. 103–417, § 13(b)</ref>, <date date=\"1994-10-25\">Oct. 25, 1994</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/108/4335\">108 Stat. 4335</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/105/277/dA/s101/f/tII/tVI/s601/k\">Pub. L. 105–277, div. A, § 101(f) [title II, § 212, title VI, § 601(k)]</ref>, <date date=\"1998-10-21\">Oct. 21, 1998</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/112/2681-337\">112 Stat. 2681–337</ref>, 2681–359, 2681–388; <ref href=\"/us/pl/106/525/tI/s101/b/1\">Pub. L. 106–525, title I, § 101(b)(1)</ref>, <date date=\"2000-11-22\">Nov. 22, 2000</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/114/2501\">114 Stat. 2501</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/106/580/s3/e\">Pub. L. 106–580, § 3(e)</ref>, <date date=\"2000-12-29\">Dec. 29, 2000</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/114/3091\">114 Stat. 3091</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/tI\">Pub. L. 109–482, title I</ref>, §§ 101(a), (b), 108(a), <date date=\"2007-01-15\">Jan. 15, 2007</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/120/3675\">120 Stat. 3675</ref>, 3676, 3697; <ref href=\"/us/pl/110/154/s1/b/1\">Pub. L. 110–154, § 1(b)(1)</ref>, <date date=\"2007-12-21\">Dec. 21, 2007</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/121/1827\">121 Stat. 1827</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/111/148/tX/s10334/c/3/A\">Pub. L. 111–148, title X, § 10334(c)(3)(A)</ref>, <date date=\"2010-03-23\">Mar. 23, 2010</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/124/974\">124 Stat. 974</ref>; <ref href=\"/us/pl/112/74/dF/tII/s221/a/2\">Pub. L. 112–74, div. F, title II, § 221(a)(2)</ref>, (c)(2)(B), <date date=\"2011-12-23\">Dec. 23, 2011</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/125/1087\">125 Stat. 1087</ref>, 1089; <ref href=\"/us/pl/113/235/dG/tII/s224/1\">Pub. L. 113–235, div. G, title II, § 224(1)</ref>, <date date=\"2014-12-16\">Dec. 16, 2014</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/128/2490\">128 Stat. 2490</ref>.)</sourceCredit>\n<notes type=\"uscNote\" id=\"ida4988c22-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\">\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"amendments\" id=\"ida4988c23-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Amendments</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">2014—Subsec. (b)(23). <ref href=\"/us/pl/113/235\">Pub. L. 113–235</ref> substituted “National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health” for “National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">2011—Subsec. (b)(21). <ref href=\"/us/pl/112/74/s221/a/2\">Pub. L. 112–74, § 221(a)(2)</ref>, substituted “National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences” for “National Center for Research Resources”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (c)(2)(A). <ref href=\"/us/pl/112/74/s221/c/2/B\">Pub. L. 112–74, § 221(c)(2)(B)</ref>, struck out “the Office of Rare Diseases,” after “the Office of Dietary Supplements,”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">2010—Subsec. (b)(24). <ref href=\"/us/pl/111/148\">Pub. L. 111–148</ref> substituted “Institute” for “Center”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">2007—Subsec. (b)(7). <ref href=\"/us/pl/110/154\">Pub. L. 110–154</ref> substituted “Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development” for “National Institute of Child Health and Human Development”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\"><ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/s101/a\">Pub. L. 109–482, § 101(a)</ref>, reenacted section catchline without change and amended text generally, substituting provisions consisting of subsecs. (a) to (d)(1) for former subsecs. (a) to (d) which related to: in subsec. (a), relationship to Public Health Service; in subsec. (b), list of national research institutes that were agencies; in subsec. (c), establishment of additional institutes and reorganization or abolition of institutes; and, in subsec. (d), definition of “national research institute”. See below.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (d)(2). <ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/s108/a\">Pub. L. 109–482, § 108(a)</ref>, added after subsec. (d)(1) provisions identical to text of subsec. (c) prior to amendment by <ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/s101/a\">Pub. L. 109–482, § 101(a)</ref>, redesignated such provisions as par. (2), added par. heading, redesignated former pars. (1) and (2) as subpars. (A) and (B), respectively, added subpar. headings, in subpar. (A), redesignated former subpars. (A) and (B) as cls. (i) and (ii), respectively, in cl. (ii), substituted “Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions” for “Labor and Human Resources” and “clause (i)” for “subparagraph (A)”, and, in subpar. (B), substituted “Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions” for “Labor and Human Resources”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (d)(3), (4). <ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/s101/b/1\">Pub. L. 109–482, § 101(b)(1)</ref>, added pars. (3) and (4).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsecs. (e) to (h). <ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/s101/b/2\">Pub. L. 109–482, § 101(b)(2)</ref>, added subsecs. (e) to (h).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">2000—Subsec. (b)(1)(R). <ref href=\"/us/pl/106/580\">Pub. L. 106–580</ref> added subpar. (R).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (b)(2)(F). <ref href=\"/us/pl/106/525/s101/b/1/A\">Pub. L. 106–525, § 101(b)(1)(A)</ref>, realigned margins.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (b)(2)(G). <ref href=\"/us/pl/106/525/s101/b/1/B\">Pub. L. 106–525, § 101(b)(1)(B)</ref>, added subpar. (G).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">1998—Subsec. (b)(1)(H). <ref href=\"/us/pl/105/277/s101/f/tII/s212\">Pub. L. 105–277, § 101(f) [title II, § 212]</ref>, substituted “National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research” for “National Institute of Dental Research”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (b)(2)(F). <ref href=\"/us/pl/105/277/s101/f/tVI/s601/k\">Pub. L. 105–277, § 101(f) [title VI, § 601(k)]</ref>, added subpar. (F).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">1994—Subsec. (b)(2)(E). <ref href=\"/us/pl/103/417\">Pub. L. 103–417</ref> added subpar. (E).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">1993—Subsec. (b)(1)(Q). <ref href=\"/us/pl/103/43/s1511/b/1/A\">Pub. L. 103–43, § 1511(b)(1)(A)</ref>, added subpar. (Q).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (b)(2)(B). <ref href=\"/us/pl/103/43/s1501/1\">Pub. L. 103–43, § 1501(1)</ref>, amended subpar. (B) generally, substituting “National Center for Research Resources” for “Division of Research Resources”.</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Subsec. (b)(2)(D). <ref href=\"/us/pl/103/43\">Pub. L. 103–43</ref>, §§ 1511(b)(1)(B), 1521(1), added subpar. (D) and struck out former subpar. (D) which read as follows: “The National Center for Nursing Research.”</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">1992—Subsec. (b)(1)(N) to (P). <ref href=\"/us/pl/102/321\">Pub. L. 102–321</ref> added subpars. (N) to (P).</p>\n<p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">1988—Subsec. (b)(1)(J), (M). <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/553\">Pub. L. 100–553</ref> and <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/607\">Pub. L. 100–607</ref> made identical amendments, striking out “and Communicative” after “Neurological” in subpar. (J), and adding subpar. (M). <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/690\">Pub. L. 100–690</ref> amended subsec. (b)(1) to read as if the amendments by <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/607\">Pub. L. 100–607</ref> had not been enacted.</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"effectiveDateOfAmendment\" id=\"ida498b334-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Effective Date of 2007 Amendment</heading><p><ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/tI/s109\">Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 109</ref>, <date date=\"2007-01-15\">Jan. 15, 2007</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/120/3697\">120 Stat. 3697</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin=\"/us/pl/109/482/tI/s109\">“This title [see Tables for classification] and the amendments made by this title apply only with respect to amounts appropriated for fiscal year 2007 or subsequent fiscal years.”</quotedContent>\n</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"effectiveDateOfAmendment\" id=\"ida498b335-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Effective Date of 2000 Amendment</heading><p><ref href=\"/us/pl/106/525/tVI/s603\">Pub. L. 106–525, title VI, § 603</ref>, <date date=\"2000-11-22\">Nov. 22, 2000</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/114/2511\">114 Stat. 2511</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin=\"/us/pl/106/525/tVI/s603\">“This Act [enacting subpart 6 (§ 287c–31 et seq.) of part E of this subchapter and sections 293e, 296e–1, and 299a–1 of this title, amending sections 281, 296f, 299a, 299c–6, and 300u–6 of this title, repealing <ref href=\"/us/usc/t42/s283b\">section 283b of this title</ref>, and enacting provisions set out as notes under sections 201, 287c–31, 293e, and 3501 of this title] and the amendments made by this Act take effect <date date=\"2000-10-01\">October 1, 2000</date>, or upon the date of the enactment of this Act [<date date=\"2000-11-22\">Nov. 22, 2000</date>], whichever occurs later.”</quotedContent>\n</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"effectiveDateOfAmendment\" id=\"ida498b336-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Effective Date of 1992 Amendment</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">Amendment by <ref href=\"/us/pl/102/321\">Pub. L. 102–321</ref> effective <date date=\"1992-10-01\">Oct. 1, 1992</date>, with provision for programs providing financial assistance, see section 801(c), (d) of <ref href=\"/us/pl/102/321\">Pub. L. 102–321</ref>, set out as a note under <ref href=\"/us/usc/t42/s236\">section 236 of this title</ref>.</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"effectiveDateOfAmendment\" id=\"ida498b337-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Effective Date of 1988 Amendment</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\">For effective date of amendment by <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/690\">Pub. L. 100–690</ref>, see <ref href=\"/us/pl/100/690/s2613/b/1\">section 2613(b)(1) of Pub. L. 100–690</ref>, set out as an Effect of Enactment of Similar Provisions note under <ref href=\"/us/usc/t42/s285m\">section 285m of this title</ref>.</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"miscellaneous\" id=\"ida498b338-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Construction of 2007 Amendment</heading><p><ref href=\"/us/pl/109/482/tI/s102/g\">Pub. L. 109–482, title I, § 102(g)</ref>, <date date=\"2007-01-15\">Jan. 15, 2007</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/120/3685\">120 Stat. 3685</ref>, provided that: <quotedContent origin=\"/us/pl/109/482/tI/s102/g\">“This Act [see Tables for classification] and the amendments made by this Act may not be construed as affecting the authorities of the national research institutes and national centers that were in effect under the Public Health Service Act [<ref href=\"/us/usc/t42/s201\">42 U.S.C. 201</ref> et seq.] on the day before the date of the enactment of this Act [<date date=\"2007-01-15\">Jan. 15, 2007</date>], subject to the authorities of the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Director of NIH under section 401 of the Public Health Service Act [<ref href=\"/us/usc/t42/s281\">42 U.S.C. 281</ref>] (as amended by section 101 of this Act). For purposes of the preceding sentence, the terms ‘national research institute’, ‘national center’, and ‘Director of NIH’ have the meanings given such terms in such section 401.”</quotedContent>\n</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"miscellaneous\" id=\"ida498da49-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Study of the Use of Centers of Excellence at the National Institutes of Health</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\"><ref href=\"/us/pl/107/84/s7\">Pub. L. 107–84, § 7</ref>, <date date=\"2001-12-18\">Dec. 18, 2001</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/115/829\">115 Stat. 829</ref>, required the Secretary of Health and Human Services to contract, not later than 60 days after <date date=\"2001-12-18\">Dec. 18, 2001</date>, with the Institute of Medicine to conduct a study on the impact of, need for, and other issues associated with Centers of Excellence at the National Institutes of Health and complete the study and submit a report not later than one year after the date of the contract.</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"miscellaneous\" id=\"ida498da4a-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Report on Medical Uses of Biological Agents in Development of Defenses Against Biological Warfare</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\"><ref href=\"/us/pl/103/43/tXIX/s1904\">Pub. L. 103–43, title XIX, § 1904</ref>, <date date=\"1993-06-10\">June 10, 1993</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/107/203\">107 Stat. 203</ref>, directed Secretary of Health and Human Services, in consultation with Secretary of Defense and with heads of other appropriate executive agencies, to report to Congress, not later than 12 months after <date date=\"1993-06-10\">June 10, 1993</date>, on the appropriateness and impact of the National Institutes of Health assuming responsibility for the conduct of all Federal research, development, testing, and evaluation functions relating to medical countermeasures against biowarfare threat agents.</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"miscellaneous\" id=\"ida498da4b-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Research on Lupus Erythematosus</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\"><ref href=\"/us/pl/99/158/s5\">Pub. L. 99–158, § 5</ref>, <date date=\"1985-11-20\">Nov. 20, 1985</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/99/880\">99 Stat. 880</ref>, as amended by <ref href=\"/us/pl/102/531/tIII/s312/f\">Pub. L. 102–531, title III, § 312(f)</ref>, <date date=\"1992-10-27\">Oct. 27, 1992</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/106/3506\">106 Stat. 3506</ref>, directed Secretary of Health and Human Resources to establish a Lupus Erythematosus Coordinating Committee to plan, develop, coordinate, and implement comprehensive Federal initiatives in research on Lupus Erythematosus, provided for composition of committee and meetings, and directed Committee to prepare a report for Congress on its activities, to be submitted not later than 18 months after <date date=\"1985-11-20\">Nov. 20, 1985</date>, with Committee to terminate one month after the report was submitted.</p>\n</note>\n<note style=\"-uslm-lc:I74\" topic=\"miscellaneous\" id=\"ida498da4c-09a0-11eb-a85b-f5cef3d06f4d\"><heading class=\"centered smallCaps\">Interagency Committee on Learning Disabilities</heading><p style=\"-uslm-lc:I21\" class=\"indent0\"><ref href=\"/us/pl/99/158/s9\">Pub. L. 99–158, § 9</ref>, <date date=\"1985-11-20\">Nov. 20, 1985</date>, <ref href=\"/us/stat/99/882\">99 Stat. 882</ref>, directed Director of the National Institutes of Health, not later than 90 days after <date date=\"1985-11-20\">Nov. 20, 1985</date>, to establish an Interagency Committee on Learning Disabilities to review and assess Federal research priorities, activities, and findings regarding learning disabilities (including central nervous system dysfunction in children), provided for composition of the Committee, directed Committee to report to Congress on its activities not later than 18 months after <date date=\"1985-11-20\">Nov. 20, 1985</date>, and provided that the Committee terminate 90 days after submission of the report.</p>\n</note>\n</notes>\n</section>","provision":null,"duplicates":[],"release":{"label":"116-252","currency_date":"2020-12-22","congress":116,"law_num":252,"excluded_laws":[],"update_num":null,"seq":222,"is_partial":false,"caveat":null,"titles_affected":["18","20","31","34","40","42"],"ingested_titles":[]},"served_from":{"label":"116-252","currency_date":"2020-12-22","congress":116,"law_num":252,"excluded_laws":[],"update_num":null,"seq":222,"is_partial":false,"caveat":null,"titles_affected":["18","20","31","34","40","42"],"ingested_titles":[]},"content_first_seen":{"label":"116-163","currency_date":"2020-10-02","congress":116,"law_num":163,"excluded_laws":[],"update_num":null,"seq":214,"is_partial":false,"caveat":null,"titles_affected":["01","02","03","06","07","08","10","15","17","18","21","22","23","26","28","31","35","36","38","40","42","45","49","50"],"ingested_titles":[]},"is_exact":true,"note":null}