<section xmlns="http://xml.house.gov/schemas/uslm/1.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" style="-uslm-lc:I80" id="id34e67f4d-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106"><num value="20106">§ 20106.</num><heading> Preemption</heading><subsection style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id34e67f4e-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/a"><num value="a">(a)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">National Uniformity of Regulation</inline>.—</heading><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id34e67f4f-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/a/1"><num value="1">(1)</num><content> Laws, regulations, and orders related to railroad safety and laws, regulations, and orders related to railroad security shall be nationally uniform to the extent practicable.</content>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id34e67f50-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/a/2"><num value="2">(2)</num><chapeau> A State may adopt or continue in force a law, regulation, or order related to railroad safety or security until the Secretary of Transportation (with respect to railroad safety matters), or the Secretary of Homeland Security (with respect to railroad security matters), prescribes a regulation or issues an order covering the subject matter of the State requirement. A State may adopt or continue in force an additional or more stringent law, regulation, or order related to railroad safety or security when the law, regulation, or order—</chapeau><subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id34e67f51-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/a/2/A"><num value="A">(A)</num><content> is necessary to eliminate or reduce an essentially local safety or security hazard;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id34e67f52-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/a/2/B"><num value="B">(B)</num><content> is not incompatible with a law, regulation, or order of the United States Government; and</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id34e67f53-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/a/2/C"><num value="C">(C)</num><content> does not unreasonably burden interstate commerce.</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id34e67f54-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/b"><num value="b">(b)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Clarification Regarding State Law Causes of Action</inline>.—</heading><paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id34e67f55-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/b/1"><num value="1">(1)</num><chapeau> Nothing in this section shall be construed to preempt an action under State law seeking damages for personal injury, death, or property damage alleging that a party—</chapeau><subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id34e8ef56-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/b/1/A"><num value="A">(A)</num><content> has failed to comply with the Federal standard of care established by a regulation or order issued by the Secretary of Transportation (with respect to railroad safety matters), or the Secretary of Homeland Security (with respect to railroad security matters), covering the subject matter as provided in subsection (a) of this section;</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id34e8ef57-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/b/1/B"><num value="B">(B)</num><content> has failed to comply with its own plan, rule, or standard that it created pursuant to a regulation or order issued by either of the Secretaries; or</content>
</subparagraph>
<subparagraph style="-uslm-lc:I12" class="indent1" id="id34e8ef58-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/b/1/C"><num value="C">(C)</num><content> has failed to comply with a State law, regulation, or order that is not incompatible with subsection (a)(2).</content>
</subparagraph>
</paragraph>
<paragraph style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id34e8ef59-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/b/2"><num value="2">(2)</num><content> This subsection shall apply to all pending State law causes of action arising from events or activities occurring on or after <date date="2002-01-18">January 18, 2002</date>.</content>
</paragraph>
</subsection>
<subsection style="-uslm-lc:I11" class="indent0" id="id34e8ef5a-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279" identifier="/us/usc/t49/s20106/c"><num value="c">(c)</num><heading> <inline class="small-caps">Jurisdiction</inline>.—</heading><content>Nothing in this section creates a Federal cause of action on behalf of an injured party or confers Federal question jurisdiction for such State law causes of action.</content>
</subsection>
<sourceCredit id="id34e8ef5b-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279">(<ref href="/us/pl/103/272">Pub. L. 103–272</ref>, § 1(e), <date date="1994-07-05">July 5, 1994</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/108/866">108 Stat. 866</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/107/296/tXVII">Pub. L. 107–296, title XVII</ref>, § 1710(c), <date date="2002-11-25">Nov. 25, 2002</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/116/2319">116 Stat. 2319</ref>; <ref href="/us/pl/110/53/tXV">Pub. L. 110–53, title XV</ref>, § 1528, <date date="2007-08-03">Aug. 3, 2007</date>, <ref href="/us/stat/121/453">121 Stat. 453</ref>.)</sourceCredit>
<notes type="uscNote" id="id34e8ef5c-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279">
<note topic="historicalAndRevision" id="id34e8ef5d-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279">
<table xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" class="HNR" width="50%" style="border-collapse:collapse;  border-bottom:1px solid black; -uslm-lc: c3,L2,tp7,s10,xls64,xs90,tp7,s10,xls64,xs90; ">
<colgroup>
<col style="min-width: 44pt;"/>
<col style="width:68pt ; max-width:68pt;"/>
<col style="width:94pt ; max-width:94pt;"/>
</colgroup>
<thead>
<tr class="title" style="font-size:7pt; border-bottom:1px solid black; -uslm-lc:I95;">
<th colspan="3">
<p style=""><span style="font-variant:small-caps">Historical and Revision Notes</span></p></th>
</tr>
<tr class="header" style="font-size:6pt; border-bottom:1px solid black;  border-top:1px solid black; -uslm-lc:h1;">
<th style="min-width: 44.0pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; border-right:1px solid black;"><p style=" text-align:center; margin-bottom:0em;"><i>Revised</i></p><p style=" text-align:center; margin-top:0em;"><i>Section</i></p></th><th style="width:68.0pt ; max-width:68.0pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black;"><p style=" text-align:center;"><i>Source (U.S. Code)</i></p></th><th style="width:94.0pt ; max-width:94.0pt; text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; border-left:1px solid black;"><p style=" text-align:center;"><i>Source (Statutes at Large)</i></p></th></tr>
</thead>
<tbody style="line-height:7pt; font-size:6pt;">
<tr style="border-top:1px solid black; -uslm-lc:I01;"><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;" class="leaders"><span>20106</span></p></td><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-right:1px solid black; border-left:1px solid black; padding-right:2pt; padding-left: 2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;">45:434.</p></td><td style=" text-align:left; vertical-align:top; border-left:1px solid black; padding-left: 2pt;"><p style=" text-align:left; text-indent: -1em; padding-left:1em;"><span class="date">Oct. 16, 1970</span>, <a href="/us/pl/91/458">Pub. L. 91–458</a>, § 205, <a href="/us/stat/84/972">84 Stat. 972</a>.</p></td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">In this section, before clause (1), the words “The Congress declares that” are omitted as unnecessary. In clause (3), the word “unreasonably” is substituted for “undue” for consistency in the revised title and with other titles of the United States Code.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="amendments" id="id34e8ef5e-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Amendments</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">2007—<ref href="/us/pl/110/53">Pub. L. 110–53</ref> amended section generally. Prior to amendment, text of section read as follows: “Laws, regulations, and orders related to railroad safety and laws, regulations, and orders related to railroad security shall be nationally uniform to the extent practicable. A State may adopt or continue in force a law, regulation, or order related to railroad safety or security until the Secretary of Transportation (with respect to railroad safety matters), or the Secretary of Homeland Security (with respect to railroad security matters), prescribes a regulation or issues an order covering the subject matter of the State requirement. A State may adopt or continue in force an additional or more stringent law, regulation, or order related to railroad safety or security when the law, regulation, or order—</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1">“(1) is necessary to eliminate or reduce an essentially local safety or security hazard;</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1">“(2) is not incompatible with a law, regulation, or order of the United States Government; and</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I22" class="indent1">“(3) does not unreasonably burden interstate commerce.”</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">2002—<ref href="/us/pl/107/296">Pub. L. 107–296</ref>, § 1710(c), in introductory provisions, in first sentence inserted “and laws, regulations, and orders related to railroad security” after “safety”, in second sentence substituted “Transportation (with respect to railroad safety matters), or the Secretary of Homeland Security (with respect to railroad security matters),” for “Transportation”, and in second and third sentences inserted “or security” after “order related to railroad safety”.</p>
<p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Par. (1). <ref href="/us/pl/107/296">Pub. L. 107–296</ref>, § 1710(c)(2), inserted “or security” after “safety”.</p>
</note>
<note style="-uslm-lc:I74" topic="effectiveDateOfAmendment" id="id34e8ef5f-ec39-11e5-b01e-e2270cb35279"><heading class="centered smallCaps">Effective Date of 2002 Amendment</heading><p style="-uslm-lc:I21" class="indent0">Amendment by <ref href="/us/pl/107/296">Pub. L. 107–296</ref> effective 60 days after <date date="2002-11-25">Nov. 25, 2002</date>, see <ref href="/us/pl/107/296/s4">section 4 of Pub. L. 107–296</ref>, set out as an Effective Date note under <ref href="/us/usc/t6/s101">section 101 of Title 6</ref>, Domestic Security.</p>
</note>
</notes>
</section>