Taxes
General rule
Except as otherwise provided in this section, the following taxes shall be allowed as a deduction for the taxable year within which paid or accrued:
State and local, and foreign, real property taxes.
State and local personal property taxes.
State and local, and foreign, income, war profits, and excess profits taxes.
The GST tax imposed on income distributions.
In addition, there shall be allowed as a deduction State and local, and foreign, taxes not described in the preceding sentence which are paid or accrued within the taxable year in carrying on a trade or business or an activity described in section 212 (relating to expenses for production of income). Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, any tax (not described in the first sentence of this subsection) which is paid or accrued by the taxpayer in connection with an acquisition or disposition of property shall be treated as part of the cost of the acquired property or, in the case of a disposition, as a reduction in the amount realized on the disposition.
Definitions and special rules
For purposes of this section—
Personal property taxes
State or local taxes
Foreign taxes
Special rules for GST tax
In general
The GST tax imposed on income distributions is—
the tax imposed by section 2601, and
any State tax described in section 2604 (as in effect before its repeal),
but only to the extent such tax is imposed on a transfer which is included in the gross income of the distributee and to which section 666 does not apply.
Special rule for tax paid before due date
General sales taxes
For purposes of subsection (a)—
Election to deduct State and local sales taxes in lieu of State and local income taxes
At the election of the taxpayer for the taxable year, subsection (a) shall be applied—
without regard to the reference to State and local income taxes, and
as if State and local general sales taxes were referred to in a paragraph thereof.
Definition of general sales tax
Special rules for food, etc.
In the case of items of food, clothing, medical supplies, and motor vehicles—
the fact that the tax does not apply with respect to some or all of such items shall not be taken into account in determining whether the tax applies with respect to a broad range of classes of items, and
the fact that the rate of tax applicable with respect to some or all of such items is lower than the general rate of tax shall not be taken into account in determining whether the tax is imposed at one rate.
Items taxed at different rates
Compensating use taxes
A compensating use tax with respect to an item shall be treated as a general sales tax. For purposes of the preceding sentence, the term “compensating use tax” means, with respect to any item, a tax which—
is imposed on the use, storage, or consumption of such item, and
is complementary to a general sales tax, but only if a deduction is allowable under this paragraph with respect to items sold at retail in the taxing jurisdiction which are similar to such item.
Special rule for motor vehicles
Separately stated general sales taxes
Amount of deduction may be determined under tables
In general
At the election of the taxpayer for the taxable year, the amount of the deduction allowed under this paragraph for such year shall be—
the amount determined under this paragraph (without regard to this subparagraph) with respect to motor vehicles, boats, and other items specified by the Secretary, and
the amount determined under tables prescribed by the Secretary with respect to items to which subclause (I) does not apply.
Requirements for tables
The tables prescribed under clause (i)—
shall reflect the provisions of this paragraph,
shall be based on the average consumption by taxpayers on a State-by-State basis (as determined by the Secretary) of items to which clause (i)(I) does not apply, taking into account filing status, number of dependents, adjusted gross income, and rates of State and local general sales taxation, and
need only be determined with respect to adjusted gross incomes up to the applicable amount (as determined under section 68(b)).
Deduction denied in case of certain taxes
No deduction shall be allowed for the following taxes:
Taxes assessed against local benefits of a kind tending to increase the value of the property assessed; but this paragraph shall not prevent the deduction of so much of such taxes as is properly allocable to maintenance or interest charges.
Taxes on real property, to the extent that subsection (d) requires such taxes to be treated as imposed on another taxpayer.
Apportionment of taxes on real property between seller and purchaser
General rule
For purposes of subsection (a), if real property is sold during any real property tax year, then—
so much of the real property tax as is properly allocable to that part of such year which ends on the day before the date of the sale shall be treated as a tax imposed on the seller, and
so much of such tax as is properly allocable to that part of such year which begins on the date of the sale shall be treated as a tax imposed on the purchaser.
Special rules
In the case of any sale of real property, if—
a taxpayer may not, by reason of his method of accounting, deduct any amount for taxes unless paid, and
the other party to the sale is (under the law imposing the real property tax) liable for the real property tax for the real property tax year,
then for purposes of subsection (a) the taxpayer shall be treated as having paid, on the date of the sale, so much of such tax as, under paragraph (1) of this subsection, is treated as imposed on the taxpayer. For purposes of the preceding sentence, if neither party is liable for the tax, then the party holding the property at the time the tax becomes a lien on the property shall be considered liable for the real property tax for the real property tax year.
In the case of any sale of real property, if the taxpayer’s taxable income for the taxable year during which the sale occurs is computed under an accrual method of accounting, and if no election under section 461(c) (relating to the accrual of real property taxes) applies, then, for purposes of subsection (a), that portion of such tax which—
is treated, under paragraph (1) of this subsection, as imposed on the taxpayer, and
may not, by reason of the taxpayer’s method of accounting, be deducted by the taxpayer for any taxable year,
shall be treated as having accrued on the date of the sale.
Taxes of shareholder paid by corporation
Where a corporation pays a tax imposed on a shareholder on his interest as a shareholder, and where the shareholder does not reimburse the corporation, then—
the deduction allowed by subsection (a) shall be allowed to the corporation; and
no deduction shall be allowed the shareholder for such tax.
Deduction for one-half of self-employment taxes
In general
Deduction treated as attributable to trade or business
Cross references
For provisions disallowing any deduction for certain taxes, see section 275.
For treatment of taxes imposed by Indian tribal governments (or their subdivisions), see section 7871.
Source
(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 47; Pub. L. 85–866, title I, § 6(a),Notes
References in Text
Amendments
Effective Date of 2015 Amendment
Effective Date of 2014 Amendment
Effective Date of 2013 Amendment
Effective Date of 2010 Amendment
Effective Date of 2009 Amendment
Effective Date of 2008 Amendment
Effective Date of 2006 Amendment
Effective Date of 2005 Amendment
Effective Date of 2004 Amendment
Effective Date of 1988 Amendment
Effective Date of 1986 Amendment
Effective Date of 1984 Amendment
Effective Date of 1983 Amendment
Effective Date of 1980 Amendment
Effective Date of 1978 Amendment
Effective Date of 1976 Amendment
Effective Date of 1972 Amendment
Effective Date of 1964 Amendment
General rule.—
Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [enacting section 275 of this title and amending this section and sections 535, 545, 556, 901, and 903 of this title] shall apply to taxable years beginning after
Special taxing districts.—
Section 164(c)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 [formerly I.R.C. 1954] (as amended by subsection (a)) shall not prevent the deduction under section 164 of such Code (as so amended) of taxes levied by a special taxing district which is described in section 164(b)(5) of such Code (as in effect for a taxable year ending on