Peaceful uses of space station
Notes
|
Historical and Revision Notes |
||
|---|---|---|
Revised Section | Source (U.S. Code) | Source (Statutes at Large) |
70901 | (not previously classified) | Pub. L. 101–611, title I, § 123, Nov. 16, 1990, 104 Stat. 3204. |
References in Text
International Space Station
Sense of Congress.—
It is the sense of Congress that the International Space Station National Laboratory offers unique opportunities for educational activities and provides a unique resource for research and development in science, technology, and engineering, which can enhance the global competitiveness of the United States.
Development of Educational Projects.—
The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall develop a detailed plan for implementation of 1 or more education projects that utilize the resources offered by the International Space Station. In developing any detailed plan according to this paragraph, the Administrator shall make use of the findings and recommendations of the International Space Station National Laboratory Education Concept Development Task Force.
Development of Research Plans for Competitiveness Enhancement.—
The Administrator shall develop a detailed plan for identification and support of research to be conducted aboard the International Space Station, which offers the potential for enhancement of United States competitiveness in science, technology, and engineering. In developing any detailed plan pursuant to this subsection, the Administrator shall consult with agencies and entities with which cooperative agreements have been reached regarding utilization of International Space Station National Laboratory facilities.”
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION CONTINGENCY PLAN.
Bimonthly Reporting on Russian Status.—
Not later than the first day of the first month beginning more than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [
Decision on Russian Critical Path Items.—
The President shall notify Congress within 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act [
Assurances.—
The United States shall seek assurances from the Russian Government that it places a higher priority on fulfilling its commitments to the International Space Station than it places on extending the life of the Mir Space Station, including assurances that Russia will not utilize assets allocated by Russia to the International Space Station for other purposes, including extending the life of Mir.
Equitable Utilization.—
In the event that any International Partner in the International Space Station Program willfully violates any of its commitments or agreements for the provision of agreed-upon Space Station-related hardware or related goods or services, the Administrator should, in a manner consistent with relevant international agreements, seek a commensurate reduction in the utilization rights of that Partner until such time as the violated commitments or agreements have been fulfilled.
Operation Costs.—
The Administrator shall, in a manner consistent with relevant international agreements, seek to reduce the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s share of International Space Station common operating costs, based upon any additional capabilities provided to the International Space Station through the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Russian Program Assurance activities.
Repealed. Pub. L. 109–155, title II, § 207(b),
RESEARCH ON INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
Study.—
The Administrator [of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration] shall enter into a contract with the National Research Council and the National Academy of Public Administration to jointly conduct a study of the status of life and microgravity research as it relates to the International Space Station. The study shall include—
an assessment of the United States scientific community’s readiness to use the International Space Station for life and microgravity research;
an assessment of the current and projected factors limiting the United States scientific community’s ability to maximize the research potential of the International Space Station, including, but not limited to, the past and present availability of resources in the life and microgravity research accounts within the Office of Human Spaceflight and the Office of Life and Microgravity Sciences and Applications and the past, present, and projected access to space of the scientific community; and
recommendations for improving the United States scientific community’s ability to maximize the research potential of the International Space Station, including an assessment of the relative costs and benefits of—
dedicating an annual mission of the Space Shuttle to life and microgravity research during assembly of the International Space Station; and
maintaining the schedule for assembly in place at the time of the enactment [
Report.—
Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act [
SPACE STATION RESEARCH UTILIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION MANAGEMENT.
Research Utilization and Commercialization Management Activities.—
The Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration shall enter into an agreement with a non-government organization to conduct research utilization and commercialization management activities of the International Space Station subsequent to substantial completion as defined in section 202(b)(3). The agreement may not take effect less than 120 days after the implementation plan for the agreement is submitted to the Congress under subsection (b).
Implementation Plan.—
Not later than
a description of the respective roles and responsibilities of the Administration and the non-government organization;
a proposed structure for the non-government organization;
a statement of the resources required;
a schedule for the transition of responsibilities; and
a statement of the duration of the agreement.”
Permanently Manned Space Station
The Administrator [of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration] is directed to undertake the construction of a permanently manned space station (hereinafter referred to as the ‘space station’) to become operational in 1995. The space station will be used for the following purposes—
the conduct of scientific experiments, applications experiments, and engineering experiments;
the servicing, rehabilitation, and construction of satellites and space vehicles;
the development and demonstration of commercial products and processes; and
the establishment of a space base for other civilian and commercial space activities.
The space station shall be developed and operated in a manner that supports other science and space activities.
In order to reduce the cost of operations of the space station and its ground support system, the Administrator shall undertake the development of such advanced technologies as may be appropriate within the level of funding authorized in this Act [see Tables for classification].
The Administrator shall seek to have portions of the space station constructed and operated by the private sector, where appropriate.
The Administrator shall promote international cooperation in the space station program by undertaking the development, construction, and operation of the space station in conjunction with (but not limited to) the Governments of Europe, Japan, and Canada.
The space station shall be designed, developed, and operated in a manner that enables evolutionary enhancement.
In order to ensure that the development of the space station is part of a balanced civilian space program, the Administrator is instructed to establish as a goal a funding profile that limits (1) space station total annual costs under the capital development plan in section 107 to 25 percent of the total budget request for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and (2) all space station direct operations costs, except for those costs associated with the utilization of the space station, to 10 percent of the total budget request for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
It is the sense of the Congress that the launching and servicing of the space station should be accomplished by the most cost-effective use of space transportation systems, including the space shuttle and expendable launch vehicles.
Not later than
the potential use of future advanced or heavy lift expendable launch vehicles for purposes of the assembly and operation of the space station;
the use of existing expendable launch vehicles of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Department of Defense, and the Private Sector;
the requirement for space shuttle launches; and
the risk of capital losses from the use of expendable launch vehicles and the space shuttle.
The Administrator shall set and collect reasonable user fees for the use and maintenance of the space station.
The Administrator shall set user fees so as to—
promote the use of the space station consistent with the policy set forth in section 106;
recover the costs of the use of the space station, including reasonable charges for any enhancement needed for such use; and
conserve and efficiently allocate the resources of the space station.
The Administrator may, on a case-by-case basis, waive or modify such user fees when in the Administrator’s judgment such waiver or modification will further the goals and purposes of the National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 [see 51 U.S.C. 20101 et seq.], including—
the advancement of scientific or engineering knowledge;
international cooperation; and
the commercial use of space.
No later than
The Intergovernmental Agreement currently being negotiated between the United States Government and Canada, Japan, and member governments of the European Space Agency, and the Memorandum of Understanding currently being negotiated between the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and its counterpart agencies in Canada, Japan, and Europe concerning the detailed design, development, construction, operation, or utilization of the space station shall be submitted to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives. No such agreement shall take effect until 30 days have passed after the receipt by such committees of the agreement.”